Usami Atsushi, Motooka Ryota, Nakahashi Hiroshi, Okuno Yoshiharu, Miyazawa Mitsuo
Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University.
J Oleo Sci. 2014;63(7):731-9. doi: 10.5650/jos.ess14043. Epub 2014 Jun 11.
In this study, the characteristic odorants of the volatile oils from Pleurotus species (P. eryngii var. tuoliensis and P. cystidiosus) were extracted by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), gas chromatography-olfactometry (GC-O), and aroma extract dilution analysis (AEDA). A total of 52 and 54 components (P. eryngii var. tuoliensis and P. cystidiosus, respectively) were identified, representing about 98.8% and 85.1% of the volatile oils, respectively. The main components of the P. eryngii var. tuoliensis oil were palmitic acid (82, 38.0%), oleic acid (86, 25.0%) and linoleic acid (85, 9.7%). The main components of the P. cystidiosus oil, palmitic acid (82, 25.8%), indole (54, 9.1%) and myristic acid (77, 5.3%). Regarding the aroma components, 16 and 13 components were identified in the P. eryngii var. tuoliensis and P. cystidiosus oils respectively, by the GC-O analyses. The results of the sniffing test, odor activity value (OAV) and flavor dilution (FD) factor indicate that methional, 1-octen-3-ol and nonanal are the main aroma-active components of P. eryngii var. tuoliensis oil. On the other hands, dimethyl trisulfide and 1-octen-3-ol were estimated as the main aroma-active components of the P. cystidiosus oil.
在本研究中，采用水蒸馏法提取了刺芹侧耳（白灵菇）和囊盖侧耳的挥发油特征气味成分，并通过气相色谱 - 质谱联用仪（GC - MS）、气相色谱 - 嗅觉测量仪（GC - O）和香气提取物稀释分析（AEDA）进行分析。分别鉴定出52种（刺芹侧耳）和54种（囊盖侧耳）成分，分别占挥发油的约98.8%和85.1%。刺芹侧耳挥发油的主要成分是棕榈酸（82，38.0%）、油酸（86，25.0%）和亚油酸（85，9.7%）。囊盖侧耳挥发油的主要成分是棕榈酸（82，25.8%）、吲哚（54，9.1%）和肉豆蔻酸（77，5.3%）。关于香气成分，通过GC - O分析，在刺芹侧耳和囊盖侧耳挥发油中分别鉴定出16种和13种成分。嗅觉测试、气味活性值（OAV）和风味稀释（FD）因子的结果表明，甲硫醛、1 - 辛烯 - 3 - 醇和壬醛是刺芹侧耳挥发油的主要香气活性成分。另一方面，二甲基三硫和1 - 辛烯 - 3 - 醇被认为是囊盖侧耳挥发油的主要香气活性成分。
