当增加第二份工作时，时间利用和活动模式的差异：对美国健康和安全的影响。
Differences in time use and activity patterns when adding a second job: implications for health and safety in the United States.
机构信息
The authors are with Center for Injury Epidemiology, Liberty Mutual Research Institute for Safety, Hopkinton, MA.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 2014 Aug;104(8):1488-500. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2014.301921. Epub 2014 Jun 12.
OBJECTIVES
We compared work and lifestyle activities for workers who work in 1 job with those who work in multiple jobs during a 1-week period.
METHODS
We used information from the 2003-2011 American Time Use Survey to classify workers into 6 work groups based on whether they were a single (SJH) or multiple (MJH) job holder and whether they worked their primary, other, multiple, or no job on the diary day.
RESULTS
The MJHs often worked 2 part-time jobs (20%), long weekly hours (27% worked 60+ hours), and on weekends. The MJHs working multiple jobs on the diary day averaged more than 2 additional work hours (2.25 weekday, 2.75 weekend day; P < .05), odd hours (more often between 5 pm and 7 am), with more work travel time (10 minutes weekday, 9 minutes weekend day; P < .05) and less sleep (-45 minutes weekday, -62 minutes weekend day; P < .05) and time for other household (P < .05) and leisure (P < .05) activities than SJHs.
CONCLUSIONS
Because of long work hours, long daily commutes, multiple shifts, and less sleep and leisure time, MJHs may be at heightened risk of fatigue and injury.
目的
我们比较了在一周内从事一份工作和多份工作的劳动者的工作和生活方式活动。
方法
我们使用了 2003-2011 年美国时间利用调查的数据，根据劳动者是否为单一（SJH）或多份（MJH）工作者以及他们在工作日是否从事主要、其他、多份或无工作，将劳动者分为 6 个工作群体。
结果
MJH 经常从事两份兼职工作（20%），每周工作时间长（27%的人工作 60 小时以上），并且在周末工作。在工作日从事多份工作的 MJH 平均每周多工作 2 个多小时（2.25 个工作日，2.75 个周末日；P<0.05），工作时间不规律（更多在下午 5 点到早上 7 点之间），工作通勤时间更长（工作日 10 分钟，周末日 9 分钟；P<0.05），睡眠时间更少（工作日减少 45 分钟，周末日减少 62 分钟；P<0.05），用于其他家务（P<0.05）和休闲（P<0.05）活动的时间也更少。
结论
由于工作时间长、每日通勤时间长、轮班多以及睡眠时间和休闲时间少，MJH 可能面临更高的疲劳和受伤风险。
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