a Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition , University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago , Illinois , USA.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2015;55(14):2004-13. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2012.736093.
The American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) have each outlined a set of dietary recommendations aimed at improving glycemic control and blood lipids, respectively. However, traditional vegan diets (low-fat diets that proscribe animal product consumption) are also effective at improving glycemic control, and dietary portfolios (vegan diets that contain prescribed amounts of plant sterols, viscous fibers, soy protein, and nuts) are also effective at improving blood lipids. The purpose of this review was to compare the effects of traditional vegan diets and dietary portfolios with ADA and NCEP diets on body weight, blood lipids, blood pressure, and glycemic control. The main findings are that traditional vegan diets appear to improve glycemic control better than ADA diets in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), while dietary portfolios have been consistently shown to improve blood lipids better than NCEP diets in hypercholesterolemic individuals.
美国糖尿病协会 (ADA) 和国家胆固醇教育计划 (NCEP) 各自都制定了一系列旨在改善血糖控制和血脂的饮食建议。然而，传统的纯素饮食（即禁止食用动物产品的低脂肪饮食）也能有效地改善血糖控制，而饮食组合（含有规定量植物固醇、粘性纤维、大豆蛋白和坚果的纯素饮食）也能有效地改善血脂。本综述的目的是比较传统的纯素饮食和饮食组合与 ADA 和 NCEP 饮食对体重、血脂、血压和血糖控制的影响。主要发现是，在 2 型糖尿病患者中，传统的纯素饮食似乎比 ADA 饮食更能改善血糖控制，而饮食组合则一直显示出比 NCEP 饮食更能改善高血脂患者的血脂。
