Macias Rostami Shirin, Bénet Thierry, Spears Julie, Reynolds Arleigh, Satyaraj Ebenezer, Sprenger Norbert, Austin Sean
Nestle Research Center, Nestec S.A., Lausanne, Switzerland.
Nestle Purina Research, Nestec S.A., St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2014 Jun 12;9(6):e99824. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099824. eCollection 2014.
The partnership of humans and dogs goes back to over 10'000 years, yet relatively little is known about a dog's first extra-uterine nutrition particularly when it comes to milk oligosaccharides. We set out to identify and quantify milk oligosaccharides over the course of lactation from different dog breeds (Labrador retriever, Schnauzer and 3 Alaskan husky crossbreeds). To this end, 2 different chromatographic methods with fluorescence and mass spectrometry detection were developed and one was validated for quantification. Besides lactose and lactose-sulphate, we identified 2 different trisaccharides composed of 3 hexose units, 3'sialyllactose (3'SL), 6'sialyllactose (6'SL), 2'fucosyllactose (2'FL), and a tetrasaccharide composed of 2 hexoses, an N-acetylhexosamine and a deoxyhexose. 3'SL was present at the highest levels in milk of all dog breeds starting at around 7.5 g/L and dropping to about 1.5 g/L in the first 10 days of lactation. 6'SL was about 10 times less abundant and 2'FL and the tetrasaccharide had rather varying levels in the milk of the different breeds with the tetrasaccharide only detectable in the Alaskan husky crossbreeds. The longitudinal and quantitative data of milk oligosaccharides from different dog breeds are an important basis to further our understanding on their specific biological roles and also on the specific nutritional requirements of lactating puppies.
人类与狗的伙伴关系可以追溯到一万多年前，但对于狗出生后的首次营养来源，尤其是乳寡糖方面，我们了解得相对较少。我们着手鉴定和量化不同犬种（拉布拉多寻回犬、雪纳瑞和3只阿拉斯加哈士奇杂交犬）哺乳期内的乳寡糖。为此，我们开发了两种不同的带有荧光和质谱检测的色谱方法，并对其中一种进行了定量验证。除了乳糖和乳糖硫酸盐外，我们还鉴定出了两种由3个己糖单元组成的不同三糖、3'-唾液酸乳糖（3'SL）、6'-唾液酸乳糖（6'SL）、2'-岩藻糖基乳糖（2'FL），以及一种由2个己糖、1个N-乙酰己糖胺和1个脱氧己糖组成的四糖。在所有犬种的乳汁中，3'SL的含量最高，从大约7.5克/升开始，在哺乳期的前10天降至约1.5克/升。6'SL的含量约为3'SL的十分之一，2'FL和四糖在不同犬种的乳汁中的含量变化较大，其中四糖仅在阿拉斯加哈士奇杂交犬的乳汁中可检测到。不同犬种乳寡糖的纵向和定量数据是进一步了解其特定生物学作用以及哺乳幼犬特定营养需求的重要基础。
