McSweeney F K, Johnson K S
Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington WA 99164-4820, USA.
Behav Processes. 1994 Apr;31(2-3):207-17. doi: 10.1016/0376-6357(94)90007-8.
Four pigeons pecked keys for food reinforcers delivered by variable interval 1-min schedules during two successive 50-min sessions or one 100-min session. When 50-min sessions were conducted, they were separated by a 0-, 10- or 30-min delay, spent either inside or outside of the experimental enclosure. Responding usually increased to a peak and then decreased within sessions. This pattern was not altered by either the length of the delay between sessions or by the place where the subjects spent the delay. These results suggest that the beginning of the session or the passage of a short time between sessions restores the conditions necessary to produce within-session changes in responding. The results are incompatible with theories that explain these changes in terms of recovery from the handling routine, accumulation of arousal, priming, fatigue, or satiation. They can be reconciled with theories that attribute within-session changes in responding to reinstatement of memory or changes in attention only by arguing that memory and attentional adjustments are erased quickly between sessions.
在两个连续的50分钟时段或一个100分钟时段内，四只鸽子按照可变间隔1分钟的时间表啄击按键以获取食物强化物。当进行50分钟时段时，它们之间被0、10或30分钟的延迟隔开，延迟期间鸽子要么在实验围栏内，要么在围栏外。反应通常在时段内先增加到峰值然后下降。这种模式不受时段之间延迟的长度或受试者度过延迟的地点的影响。这些结果表明，时段的开始或时段之间短时间的流逝恢复了产生时段内反应变化所需的条件。这些结果与那些从处理程序的恢复、唤醒的积累、启动、疲劳或饱腹感等方面解释这些变化的理论不一致。只有通过认为记忆和注意力调整在时段之间迅速被消除，它们才能与那些将时段内反应变化归因于记忆恢复或注意力变化的理论相协调。
