Jones R B
Agricultural and Food Research Council's Poultry Research Centre, Roslin, Midlothian EH25 9PS, Scotland.
Behav Processes. 1986 Sep;13(3):217-25. doi: 10.1016/0376-6357(86)90085-9.
Vocalisation is important in the transmission of fear/alarm among chickens. In this experiment, therefore, the effects of various conspecific calls on tonic immobility, a fear-potentiated, anti-predator response, were examined in adult laying hens. The shortest durations of immobility were observed after exposure to recordings of either the familiar background noise of the poultry house of 'Ku' calls which are normally associated with feeding. These stimuli exerted similar effects and both are considered more likely to attenuate rather than heighten fearfulness. Intermediate levels of immobility followed presentation of the post-laying cackle whereas recordings of warning calls, such as the aerial predator call, the ground predator call or the fear squawk, all significantly prolonged tonic immobility. The biological significance of these results is discussed in terms of fear and predator-defence.
发声在鸡群中恐惧/警报的传播中很重要。因此，在本实验中，研究了各种同种叫声对成年产蛋母鸡强直性静止（一种恐惧增强的反捕食反应）的影响。在暴露于家禽舍熟悉的背景噪音或通常与进食相关的“咕咕”叫声的录音后，观察到最短的静止持续时间。这些刺激产生了相似的效果，并且两者都被认为更有可能减轻而不是加剧恐惧。产蛋后的咯咯叫声呈现后，静止水平处于中间水平，而诸如空中捕食者叫声、地面捕食者叫声或恐惧尖叫等警报叫声的录音，都显著延长了强直性静止时间。从恐惧和捕食防御的角度讨论了这些结果的生物学意义。
