van den Heuvel Marion I, Donkers Franc C L, Winkler István, Otte Renée A, Van den Bergh Bea R H
Department of Psychology, Tilburg University, The Netherlands, Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, MTA, Budapest, Hungary, Institute of Psychology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary, Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Leuven KU Leuven, Belgium, and Flemish Government, Brussels, Belgium.
Department of Psychology, Tilburg University, The Netherlands, Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, MTA, Budapest, Hungary, Institute of Psychology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary, Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Leuven KU Leuven, Belgium, and Flemish Government, Brussels, Belgium Department of Psychology, Tilburg University, The Netherlands, Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, MTA, Budapest, Hungary, Institute of Psychology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary, Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Leuven KU Leuven, Belgium, and Flemish Government, Brussels, Belgium.
Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci. 2015 Mar;10(3):453-60. doi: 10.1093/scan/nsu075. Epub 2014 Jun 12.
Maternal anxiety during pregnancy has been consistently shown to negatively affect offspring neurodevelopmental outcomes. However, little is known about the impact of positive maternal traits/states during pregnancy on the offspring. The present study was aimed at investigating the effects of the mother's mindfulness and anxiety during pregnancy on the infant's neurocognitive functioning at 9 months of age. Mothers reported mindfulness using the Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory and anxiety using the Symptom Checklist (SCL-90) at ± 20.7 weeks of gestation. Event-related brain potentials (ERPs) were measured from 79 infants in an auditory oddball paradigm designed to measure auditory attention-a key aspect of early neurocognitive functioning. For the ERP responses elicited by standard sounds, higher maternal mindfulness was associated with lower N250 amplitudes (P < 0.01, η(2) = 0.097), whereas higher maternal anxiety was associated with higher N250 amplitudes (P < 0.05, η(2) = 0.057). Maternal mindfulness was also positively associated with the P150 amplitudes (P < 0.01, η(2) = 0.130). These results suggest that infants prenatally exposed to higher levels of maternal mindfulness devote fewer attentional resources to frequently occurring irrelevant sounds. The results show that positive traits and experiences of the mother during pregnancy may also affect the unborn child. Emphasizing the beneficial effects of a positive psychological state during pregnancy may promote healthy behavior in pregnant women.
孕期母亲焦虑一直被证明会对后代神经发育结果产生负面影响。然而，关于孕期母亲积极特质/状态对后代的影响却知之甚少。本研究旨在调查孕期母亲的正念和焦虑对9个月大婴儿神经认知功能的影响。母亲们在妊娠±20.7周时使用弗莱堡正念问卷报告正念情况，并使用症状自评量表（SCL - 90）报告焦虑情况。在一个旨在测量听觉注意力（早期神经认知功能的一个关键方面）的听觉oddball范式中，对79名婴儿进行了事件相关脑电位（ERP）测量。对于标准声音引发的ERP反应，母亲正念水平较高与较低的N250波幅相关（P < 0.01，η(2)=0.097），而母亲焦虑水平较高与较高的N250波幅相关（P < 0.05，η(2)=0.057）。母亲正念还与P150波幅呈正相关（P < 0.01，η(2)=0.130）。这些结果表明，产前暴露于较高水平母亲正念的婴儿会将较少的注意力资源用于频繁出现的无关声音。结果表明，孕期母亲的积极特质和经历也可能影响未出生的孩子。强调孕期积极心理状态的有益影响可能会促进孕妇的健康行为。
