Lopes Teresinha Soares Pereira, Moura Lúcia de Fátima Almeida de Deus, Lima Maria Cecília Marconi Pinheiro
Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Pathology and Dental Clinic, Federal University of Piauí, 64049-161 Teresina, PI, Brazil.
BMC Res Notes. 2014 Jun 14;7:362. doi: 10.1186/1756-0500-7-362.
Early weaning can cause changes in posture and strength of the phonoarticulatory organs, favoring the installation of undesirable oral habits. The objective of the research was to evaluate the relationship between the practice of exclusive breastfeeding and its influence on the development of deleterious oral habits in children. This was a cross sectional observational study with 252 children of both sexes, between 30 and 48 months of age, attending a program of dental care for mothers and newborns. As an instrument of data collection was a questionnaire semistructured mothers of children with questions about the form and duration of breastfeeding and non-nutritive oral habits in children.
In this sample, 48.4% of the children were exclusively breastfed for six months; 20.2% exhibited sucking habits involving the use of a pacifier, which was more frequent among the girls. As factors associated with the decreasing of the occurrence of non-nutritive sucking habits, are a longer exclusive breastfeeding, predominant breastfeeding and breastfeeding. Children who were breastfed for six months until twelve months in an exclusive way decreased by 69.0% chances of coming to have non-nutritive sucking habits when compared with those who were breastfed up to one month.
The longer the duration of breastfeeding, that is, exclusive, predominant or breastfeeding, the lower are the chances of children develop non-nutritive sucking habits.
早期断奶会导致发音器官的姿势和力量发生变化，有利于不良口腔习惯的形成。本研究的目的是评估纯母乳喂养的实践与其对儿童有害口腔习惯发展的影响之间的关系。这是一项横断面观察性研究，研究对象为252名年龄在30至48个月之间的男女儿童，他们参加了一项针对母亲和新生儿的牙科护理项目。数据收集工具是一份半结构化问卷，向儿童母亲询问有关母乳喂养的方式和持续时间以及儿童的非营养性口腔习惯等问题。
在这个样本中，48.4%的儿童纯母乳喂养六个月；20.2%的儿童有使用安抚奶嘴的吮吸习惯，在女孩中更为常见。与非营养性吮吸习惯发生率降低相关的因素包括更长时间的纯母乳喂养、主要母乳喂养和母乳喂养。与纯母乳喂养至一个月的儿童相比，纯母乳喂养六个月至十二个月的儿童出现非营养性吮吸习惯的几率降低了69.0%。
母乳喂养的时间越长，即纯母乳喂养、主要母乳喂养或母乳喂养，儿童养成非营养性吮吸习惯的几率就越低。
