University of Munich, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Research Group: Behaviour Therapy, Nußbaumstr.7, 80336 Munich, Germany.
University of Mainz, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Wallstr. 3, 55122 Mainz, Germany.
Behav Res Ther. 2014 Jul;58:43-51. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2014.05.006. Epub 2014 May 27.
Cognitive reappraisal and acceptance are two presumably adaptive emotion regulation strategies in depression. More recently, self-compassion has been discussed as another potentially effective strategy for coping with depression. In the present study, we compared the effectiveness of self-compassion with a waiting condition, reappraisal, and acceptance in a clinically depressed sample, and tested the hypothesis that the intensity of depressed mood would moderate the differential efficacy of these strategies. In an experimental design, we induced depressed mood at four points in time in 48 participants meeting criteria for major depressive disorder. After each mood induction, participants were instructed to wait, reappraise the situation, accept their negative emotions, or employ self-compassion to regulate their depressed mood. Self-ratings of depressed mood were assessed before and after each mood induction and regulation phase. Results showed that the reduction of depressed mood was significantly greater in the self-compassion condition than in the waiting condition. No significant differences were observed between the self-compassion and the reappraisal condition, and between the self-compassion and the acceptance condition in patients' mood ratings. However, the intensity of self-rated depressed mood at baseline was found to moderate the comparative effectiveness of self-compassion and reappraisal with a trend of self-compassion being more effective than reappraisal in high depressed mood at baseline. These findings support the use of self-compassion as another adaptive emotion regulation strategy for patients with major depressive disorder, especially for those suffering from high levels of depressed mood.
认知重评和接纳被认为是两种适应不良的情绪调节策略。最近，自我同情被认为是另一种应对抑郁的有效策略。在本研究中，我们将自我同情与等待条件、重评和接纳进行了比较，以评估其在临床抑郁样本中的效果，并检验了以下假设，即抑郁情绪的强度会调节这些策略的差异效果。在一项实验设计中，我们在符合重性抑郁障碍标准的 48 名参与者中，在四个时间点上诱发了抑郁情绪。在每次情绪诱发后，参与者被指示等待、重新评估情况、接受自己的负面情绪，或运用自我同情来调节自己的抑郁情绪。在每次情绪诱发和调节阶段之前和之后，参与者都对自己的抑郁情绪进行了自评。结果表明，与等待条件相比，自我同情条件下的抑郁情绪降低更为显著。在自我同情和重评条件之间，以及自我同情和接纳条件之间，在患者的情绪评分中没有观察到显著差异。然而，自我评估的抑郁情绪强度在基线时被发现可以调节自我同情和重评的比较效果，具有自我同情在高基线抑郁情绪时比重评更有效的趋势。这些发现支持将自我同情作为另一种适应不良的情绪调节策略用于患有重性抑郁障碍的患者，特别是那些患有高程度抑郁情绪的患者。
