在人类中，通过重新巩固过程中的消退训练，可以改变年轻和年老个体的巴甫洛夫式恐惧记忆。

Steinfurth Elisa C K, Kanen Jonathan W, Raio Candace M, Clem Roger L, Huganir Richard L, Phelps Elizabeth A

Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, New York 10003, USA Department of Biological and Clinical Psychology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald 17487, Germany.

Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, New York 10003, USA.

Learn Mem. 2014 Jun 16;21(7):338-41. doi: 10.1101/lm.033589.113. Print 2014 Jul.

Extinction training during reconsolidation has been shown to persistently diminish conditioned fear responses across species. We investigated in humans if older fear memories can benefit similarly. Using a Pavlovian fear conditioning paradigm we compared standard extinction and extinction after memory reactivation 1 d or 7 d following acquisition. Participants who underwent extinction during reconsolidation showed no evidence of fear recovery, whereas fear responses returned in participants who underwent standard extinction. We observed this effect in young and old fear memories. Extending the beneficial use of reconsolidation to older fear memories in humans is promising for therapeutic applications.

重新巩固过程中的消退训练已被证明能在跨物种中持续减少条件性恐惧反应。我们在人类中研究了较旧的恐惧记忆是否也能同样受益。使用巴甫洛夫式恐惧条件反射范式，我们比较了习得后1天或7天进行的标准消退和记忆重新激活后的消退。在重新巩固过程中接受消退训练的参与者没有出现恐惧恢复的迹象，而接受标准消退训练的参与者的恐惧反应又恢复了。我们在年轻和年老的恐惧记忆中都观察到了这种效应。将重新巩固的有益应用扩展到人类较旧的恐惧记忆，在治疗应用方面很有前景。