Pekmezci Gokmen Zafer
Department of Aquatic Animal Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun 55139, Turkey.
Int J Food Microbiol. 2014 Aug 18;185:64-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2014.05.018. Epub 2014 Jun 2.
Anisakid larvae are a prevalent food-borne pathogen that has been found in numerous fish species destined for human consumption. The accidental consumption of infected raw or poorly cooked fish may cause gastroenteric diseases and allergies in humans. In spite of the fact that thorough cooking or freezing kills Anisakis worms, this method does not destroy their allergenic capacity. The presence of A. simplex (s.s.) in seafood products may present a health risk for consumers. In Turkey, Atlantic mackerels are marketed as frozen and mainly imported from Norway. The aim of this study was to identify the Anisakis species found in deep-frozen whole Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus) destined for human consumption in fish markets that imported fish from Norway to Turkey. All Anisakis larvae isolated from imported Atlantic mackerel were identified via morphology as third larvae of Anisakis Type I. The ITS region (ITS-1, 5.8S subunit, ITS-2) was amplified and digested with the restriction enzymes Hinf I and Hha I. Larvae of the genus Anisakis were identified via PCR-RFLP as belonging to Anisakis simplex (s.s.), and this was confirmed by sequencing the cox2 gene. The overall prevalence of Anisakis larvae was 25% (95% confidence limits: 13-41%), and the mean intensity was 19.1 (bootstrap 95% confidence limits: 15.3-25.5). Recognized zoonotic A. simplex (s.s.) larvae found in imported Atlantic mackerel could represent a risk. Those who consume them could acquire parasitic allergies. The results will have an important impact on public health risk assessment in that they suggest reviewing critical control points at the Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) programmer to reduce the risk of anisakid-induced allergies among consumers. Consequently, the present study provides the first data regarding the occurrence of A. simplex (s.s.) larvae in imported Atlantic mackerel in Turkish markets.
异尖线虫幼虫是一种常见的食源性病原体，已在许多供人类食用的鱼类中被发现。意外食用受感染的生鱼或未煮熟的鱼可能会导致人类患肠胃疾病和过敏。尽管彻底烹饪或冷冻可以杀死异尖线虫，但这种方法并不能破坏其致敏能力。海产品中简单异尖线虫（狭义）的存在可能对消费者构成健康风险。在土耳其，大西洋鲭鱼以冷冻形式销售，主要从挪威进口。本研究的目的是鉴定在从挪威进口到土耳其的鱼类市场中供人类食用的冷冻整条大西洋鲭鱼（鲭属鲭鱼）中发现的异尖线虫种类。从进口的大西洋鲭鱼中分离出的所有异尖线虫幼虫通过形态学鉴定为I型异尖线虫的第三期幼虫。扩增ITS区域（ITS-1、5.8S亚基、ITS-2）并用限制性内切酶Hinf I和Hha I进行消化。通过PCR-RFLP鉴定异尖线虫属的幼虫属于简单异尖线虫（狭义），并通过对cox2基因进行测序得到证实。异尖线虫幼虫的总体感染率为25%（95%置信区间：13 - 41%），平均感染强度为19.1（自展法95%置信区间：15.3 - 25.5）。在进口的大西洋鲭鱼中发现的公认的人畜共患简单异尖线虫（狭义）幼虫可能构成风险。食用这些幼虫的人可能会患上寄生性过敏。这些结果将对公共卫生风险评估产生重要影响，因为它们建议在危害分析与关键控制点（HACCP）计划中审查关键控制点，以降低消费者中由异尖线虫引起的过敏风险。因此，本研究提供了关于土耳其市场进口大西洋鲭鱼中简单异尖线虫（狭义）幼虫发生情况的首批数据。
