Gómez-Mateos Pérez Magdalena, Navarro Moll Concepción, Merino Espinosa Gema, Valero López Adela
a Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Granada , Granada , Spain.
Pharm Biol. 2017 Dec;55(1):456-461. doi: 10.1080/13880209.2016.1247880.
Anisakis Dujardin 1845 (Anisakidae) nematodes can cause gastrointestinal and allergic diseases when humans eat raw or undercooked seafood containing larvae. There is currently no drug available in the market against this parasitic disease, and the study of plant-derived molecules could be useful in the discovery of effective compounds.
This research assesses the biocidal activity of a range of essential oils (EOs) from some Mediterranean plants against larvae found in the musculature of fresh fish.
EOs composition was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. All the EOs were diluted at 5% v/v in olive oil to cover the fish with the solutions for 24 h. The larvae that abandoned the muscle and the larvae obtained from the artificial digestion of the fish were collected. Controls were carried out in parallel. Furthermore, Wistar rats were infected with the live larvae collected from the in vitro trials in order to find any larvae that may have penetrated the gastrointestinal wall.
Between 60.8% and 87.6% of parasites treated with EOs abandoned the fish muscle, and the highest in vitro mortality rate was achieved with oregano EO (53.9%). Rats previously treated with oregano, cumin and Spanish lavender EOs showed no detectable lesions in the digestive tract due to the infection with larvae.
Oregano (Origanum vulgare L. Lamiaceae), cumin (Cuminum cyminum L. Apiaceae) and Spanish lavender (Lavender stoechas L. Lamiaceae) EOs could be used as promising ingredients in the development of products for the control of anisakiasis.
1845年杜雅尔丹发现的异尖线虫(异尖科)可在人类食用含有幼虫的生的或未煮熟的海鲜时引发胃肠道疾病和过敏性疾病。目前市场上没有针对这种寄生虫病的药物,而对植物源分子的研究可能有助于发现有效的化合物。
本研究评估了一些地中海植物的一系列精油对新鲜鱼肉中发现的幼虫的杀菌活性。
通过气相色谱-质谱联用仪分析精油成分。将所有精油以5%(v/v)的比例稀释在橄榄油中,用该溶液覆盖鱼肉24小时。收集从肌肉中脱出的幼虫以及通过人工消化鱼肉获得的幼虫。同时进行对照实验。此外,用从体外试验中收集的活幼虫感染Wistar大鼠,以查找可能已穿透胃肠壁的任何幼虫。
用精油处理的寄生虫中有60.8%至87.6%离开了鱼肉,牛至精油的体外死亡率最高(53.9%)。先前用牛至、孜然和西班牙薰衣草精油处理过的大鼠在感染幼虫后,消化道未发现可检测到的损伤。
牛至(唇形科牛至属植物牛至)、孜然(伞形科孜然芹属植物孜然)和西班牙薰衣草(唇形科薰衣草属植物西班牙薰衣草)的精油有望作为开发防治异尖线虫病产品的有效成分。