Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran ; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran ; Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran ; Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Daneshgah Street, P.O.Box 51664, 14766 Tabriz, Iran.
Nanoscale Res Lett. 2014 May 21;9(1):252. doi: 10.1186/1556-276X-9-252. eCollection 2014.
Nowadays, gene delivery for therapeutic objects is considered one of the most promising strategies to cure both the genetic and acquired diseases of human. The design of efficient gene delivery vectors possessing the high transfection efficiencies and low cytotoxicity is considered the major challenge for delivering a target gene to specific tissues or cells. On this base, the investigations on non-viral gene vectors with the ability to overcome physiological barriers are increasing. Among the non-viral vectors, nanoparticles showed remarkable properties regarding gene delivery such as the ability to target the specific tissue or cells, protect target gene against nuclease degradation, improve DNA stability, and increase the transformation efficiency or safety. This review attempts to represent a current nanoparticle based on its lipid, polymer, hybrid, and inorganic properties. Among them, hybrids, as efficient vectors, are utilized in gene delivery in terms of materials (synthetic or natural), design, and in vitro/in vivo transformation efficiency.
如今，治疗对象的基因传递被认为是治愈人类遗传和获得性疾病最有前途的策略之一。设计高效的基因传递载体，具有高转染效率和低细胞毒性，被认为是将靶基因递送到特定组织或细胞的主要挑战。在此基础上，对能够克服生理屏障的非病毒基因载体的研究正在增加。在非病毒载体中，纳米颗粒在基因传递方面表现出显著的特性，例如靶向特定组织或细胞的能力、保护靶基因免受核酸酶降解、提高 DNA 稳定性以及提高转化效率或安全性。本文试图根据脂质、聚合物、杂化和无机特性，对基于纳米颗粒的基因传递载体进行综述。其中，作为有效载体的杂化纳米颗粒，在材料（合成或天然）、设计和体外/体内转化效率方面，都被应用于基因传递。
