Meisenhelder J B, LaCharite C L
New England Deaconess Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
ANS Adv Nurs Sci. 1989 Jan;11(2):29-38. doi: 10.1097/00012272-198901000-00007.
The threat of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has triggered an affective stress response to illness: fear of contagion, an anxious response to the perceived threat of catching a disease. Three behaviors characterize this fear: avoidance, extreme precautions, and verbal expressions of fear regarding the disease. Despite the scientific evidence for the low risk of occupational exposure to this infection, many health care workers appear to demonstrate highly fearful behavior. Social and cultural values, which attach a deep symbolic meaning to AIDS, combine with misperceptions about transmission to create this stress response. This article suggests education on cross-cultural, sexual, and death-related issues, as well as factural information on AIDS to decrease this fear. Implications for nursing research are included.
获得性免疫缺陷综合征（艾滋病）的威胁引发了对疾病的情感应激反应：对传染的恐惧，这是对感知到的患病威胁的一种焦虑反应。这种恐惧有三种行为特征：回避、极端预防措施以及对该疾病的恐惧言语表达。尽管有科学证据表明职业接触这种感染的风险很低，但许多医护人员似乎表现出高度恐惧的行为。社会和文化价值观赋予了艾滋病深刻的象征意义，再加上对传播的误解，共同造成了这种应激反应。本文建议开展关于跨文化、性和死亡相关问题的教育，以及提供关于艾滋病的事实信息，以减少这种恐惧。文中还包括了对护理研究的启示。
