Pang Y H, Zhao J X, Du W L, Li Y L, Wang J, Wang L M, Wu J, Cheng X N, Yang Q H, Chen X H
Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding Engineering of Shaanxi Province, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
Genet Mol Res. 2014 May 23;13(2):3903-13. doi: 10.4238/2014.May.23.1.
Leymus mollis (Trin.) Pilger (NsNsXmXm, 2n = 28), a wild relative of common wheat, possesses many traits that are potentially valuable for wheat improvement. In order to exploit and utilize the useful genes of L. mollis, we developed a multiple alien substitution line, 10DM50, from the progenies of octoploid Tritileymus M842-16 x Triticum durum cv. D4286. Genomic in situ hybridization analysis of mitosis and meiosis (metaphase I), using labeled total DNA of Psathyrostachys huashanica as probe, showed that the substitution line 10DM50 was a cytogenetically stable alien substitution line with 36 chromosomes from wheat and three pairs of Ns genome chromosomes from L. mollis. Simple sequence repeat analysis showed that the chromosomes 3D, 6D, and 7D were absent in 10DM50. Expressed sequence tag-sequence tagged sites analysis showed that new chromatin from 3Ns, 6Ns, and 7Ns of L. mollis were detected in 10DM50. We deduced that the substitution line 10DM50 was a multiple alien substitution line with the 3D, 6D, and 7D chromosomes replaced by 3Ns, 6Ns, and 7Ns from L. mollis. 10DM50 showed high resistance to leaf rust and significantly improved spike length, spikes per plant, and kernels per spike, which are correlated with higher wheat yield. These results suggest that line 10DM50 could be used as intermediate material for transferring desirable traits from L. mollis into common wheat in breeding programs.
赖草（Leymus mollis (Trin.) Pilger，NsNsXmXm，2n = 28）是普通小麦的野生近缘种，具有许多对小麦改良具有潜在价值的性状。为了开发和利用赖草的有益基因，我们从八倍体小滨麦M842-16与硬粒小麦品种D4286的后代中培育出了一个多重异源代换系10DM50。以华山新麦草的标记总DNA为探针，对有丝分裂和减数分裂（中期I）进行基因组原位杂交分析，结果表明代换系10DM50是一个细胞遗传学稳定的异源代换系，含有36条来自小麦的染色体和三对来自赖草的Ns基因组染色体。简单序列重复分析表明，10DM50中不存在3D、6D和7D染色体。表达序列标签-序列标签位点分析表明，在10DM50中检测到了来自赖草3Ns、6Ns和7Ns的新染色质。我们推断代换系10DM50是一个多重异源代换系，其3D、6D和7D染色体被来自赖草的3Ns、6Ns和7Ns所取代。10DM50对叶锈病表现出高抗性，穗长、单株穗数和每穗粒数显著提高，这些都与小麦产量的提高相关。这些结果表明，10DM50品系可作为育种计划中把赖草的优良性状转移到普通小麦中的中间材料。
