Wan Yu, Ruan Xiaohong, Wang Xinguang, Ma Qian, Lu Xiaoming
Institute of Surficial Geochemistry, State Key Laboratory of Mineral Deposit Research, Department of Earth Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China,
Environ Monit Assess. 2014 Oct;186(10):6061-81. doi: 10.1007/s10661-014-3840-4. Epub 2014 Jun 18.
The odour emission characteristics of 22 recreational rivers in Nanjing were investigated and analysed. Eight odorous compounds (ammonia (NH₃), hydrogen sulphide (H₂S), sulphur dioxide (SO₂), carbon disulphide (CS₂), nitrobenzene (C₆H₅NO₂), aniline (C₆H₅NH₂), dimethylamine (C₂H₇N), and formaldehyde (HCHO)) were measured in odour emission samples collected using a custom-made emission flux hood chamber. The results showed that all odorants were detected in all monitoring rivers. NH₃ was the main odorant, with emission rates ranging from 4.86 to 15.13 μg/min m(2). The total odour emission rate of the Nan River, at 1 427.07 OU/s, was the highest of the all investigated rivers. H₂S, NH₃ and nitrobenzene were three key odour emission contributors according to their contributions to the total odour emission. A correlation analysis of the pollutants showed there was a significant positive correlation between the emission rate of NH₃ and the concentration of ammonia nitrogen (NH₄ (+)-N) and total nitrogen (TN). The H₂S and SO₂ emission rates had a significant positive correlation with sulphides (S(2-)) and available sulphur (AS) in the water and sediment. The content of TN, NH₄(+)-N, S(2-) and AS in the water and sediment affected the concentration of H₂S, SO₂ and NH₃ in the emission gases. NH₄(+)-N, S(2-) and AS are suggested as the key odour control indexes for reducing odours emitted from these recreational rivers. The study provides useful information for effective pollution control, especially for odour emission control for the recreational rivers of the city. It also provides a demonstrate example to show how to monitor and assess a contaminated river when odour emission and its control need to be focused on.
对南京22条景观河流的气味排放特征进行了调查与分析。使用定制的排放通量罩式采样室采集气味排放样本，测定了8种有气味的化合物（氨（NH₃）、硫化氢（H₂S）、二氧化硫（SO₂）、二硫化碳（CS₂）、硝基苯（C₆H₅NO₂）、苯胺（C₆H₅NH₂）、二甲胺（C₂H₇N）和甲醛（HCHO））。结果表明，在所有监测河流中均检测到了所有气味物质。氨是主要的气味物质，排放速率在4.86至15.13μg/（min·m²）之间。在所有调查河流中，纳河的总气味排放速率最高，为1427.07 OU/s。根据硫化氢、氨和硝基苯对总气味排放的贡献，它们是三种关键的气味排放贡献物质。对污染物的相关性分析表明，氨的排放速率与氨氮（NH₄⁺-N）和总氮（TN）的浓度之间存在显著正相关。硫化氢和二氧化硫的排放速率与水和沉积物中的硫化物（S²⁻）及有效硫（AS）存在显著正相关。水和沉积物中总氮、氨氮、S²⁻和AS的含量影响排放气体中硫化氢、二氧化硫和氨的浓度。建议将氨氮、S²⁻和AS作为减少这些景观河流气味排放的关键气味控制指标。该研究为有效污染控制提供了有用信息，尤其是针对城市景观河流的气味排放控制。它还提供了一个示范案例，展示了在需要关注气味排放及其控制时如何监测和评估受污染河流。
