a Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione IRCCS C´a Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico , University of Milan , Milan , Italy.
b Department of Pediatrics , Melloni Hospital , Milan , Italy.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2016;56(1):65-9. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2012.713047.
Allergy to cow's milk proteins is a challenging condition in early infancy. Allergic infants may be predisposed to impairments of growth from either the disease itself or the nutritional constraints of the exclusion diet they should follow. Formulae based on extensively hydrolyzed cow's milk proteins are widely used, representing therapy, and constituting 100% nutrient source in the first four to six months of life and half the daily nutrient intake in the second semester of life. In some cases, these products are used also for preventive purposes. Some impairments in growth have been reported for infants using these products, even if mostly limited to the first year of life, with no apparent consequences in either the medium or long term. The macronutrient content of infant formulae based on protein hydrolysates, whichever the source, should carefully be tested not only as far as the optimal utilization of nitrogenous sources but also on the nature and metabolic fate of non-nitrogen caloric sources, represented by carbohydrates and fats, and micronutrients, particularly iron. It is recommended that studies aimed at the allergologic effects of these products also include an appropriate nutritional evaluation to determine their efficiency.
牛奶蛋白过敏是婴儿早期的一种具有挑战性的疾病。过敏婴儿可能由于疾病本身或应遵循的排除饮食的营养限制而导致生长受损。基于牛乳蛋白深度水解的配方广泛应用于治疗，构成生命最初 4-6 个月的 100%营养来源，并构成生命第二学期一半的日常营养摄入。在某些情况下，这些产品也被用于预防目的。使用这些产品的婴儿会出现一些生长受损的情况，尽管大多局限于生命的第一年，但在中期或长期内没有明显的后果。基于蛋白水解物的婴儿配方奶粉的宏量营养素含量，无论来源如何，不仅应仔细测试氮源的最佳利用情况，还应测试非氮热量来源（碳水化合物和脂肪）和微量营养素（特别是铁）的性质和代谢命运。建议旨在研究这些产品的过敏作用的研究还应包括适当的营养评估，以确定其效率。
