Chetboul Valérie, Reynolds Brice Stéphane, Trehiou-Sechi Emilie, Nguyen Patrick, Concordet Didier, Sampedrano Carolina Carlos, Testault Isabelle, Elliott Jonathan, Abadie Jérôme, Biourge Vincent, Lefebvre Hervé Pierre
Unité de Cardiologie d'Alfort, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Université Paris-Est, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons-Alfort, France; INSERM, U955, Equipe 03, Créteil, France.
Unité de Recherche Clinique, Université de Toulouse, INP, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
PLoS One. 2014 Jun 18;9(6):e97862. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097862. eCollection 2014.
High salt dry expanded diets are commercially available for cats to increase water intake and urine volume, as part of the prevention or treatment of naturally occurring urinary stone formation (calcium oxalates and struvites). However, chronic high salt intake may have potential cardiovascular adverse effects in both humans, especially in aging individuals, and several animal models. The objective of this prospective, randomized, blinded, and controlled study was to assess the long-term cardiovascular effects of high salt intake in healthy aged cats. Twenty healthy neutered cats (10.1 ± 2.4 years) were randomly allocated into 2 matched groups. One group was fed a high salt diet (3.1 g/Mcal sodium, 5.5 g/Mcal chloride) and the other group a control diet of same composition except for salt content (1.0 g/Mcal sodium, 2.2 g/Mcal chloride). Clinical examination, systolic and diastolic arterial blood pressure measurements, standard transthoracic echocardiography and conventional Doppler examinations were repeatedly performed on non-sedated cats by trained observers before and over 24 months after diet implementation. Radial and longitudinal velocities of the left ventricular free wall and the interventricular septum were also assessed in systole and diastole using 2-dimensional color tissue Doppler imaging. Statistics were performed using a general linear model. No significant effect of dietary salt intake was observed on systolic and diastolic arterial blood pressure values. Out of the 33 tested imaging variables, the only one affected by dietary salt intake was the radial early on late diastolic velocity ratio assessed in the endocardium of the left ventricular free wall, statistically lower in the high salt diet group at 12 months only (P = 0.044). In conclusion, in this study involving healthy aged cats, chronic high dietary salt intake was not associated with an increased risk of systemic arterial hypertension and myocardial dysfunction, as observed in some elderly people, salt-sensitive patients and animal models.
高盐干膨化日粮在市面上可买到，用于猫以增加其饮水量和尿量，作为预防或治疗自然发生的尿路结石形成（草酸钙和鸟粪石）的一部分。然而，长期高盐摄入可能对人类尤其是老年人以及几种动物模型产生潜在的心血管不良影响。这项前瞻性、随机、双盲和对照研究的目的是评估健康老龄猫高盐摄入的长期心血管影响。20只健康绝育猫（10.1±2.4岁）被随机分为2个匹配组。一组喂食高盐日粮（3.1克/兆卡钠，5.5克/兆卡氯），另一组喂食除盐含量外成分相同的对照日粮（1.0克/兆卡钠，2.2克/兆卡氯）。在日粮实施前以及实施后24个月期间，由训练有素的观察者对未镇静的猫反复进行临床检查、收缩压和舒张压测量、标准经胸超声心动图检查和传统多普勒检查。还使用二维彩色组织多普勒成像在收缩期和舒张期评估左心室游离壁和室间隔的径向和纵向速度。使用一般线性模型进行统计分析。未观察到日粮盐摄入量对收缩压和舒张压值有显著影响。在33个测试的成像变量中，唯一受日粮盐摄入量影响的是在左心室游离壁心内膜评估的舒张晚期与早期径向速度比值，仅在12个月时高盐日粮组该值在统计学上较低（P = 0.044）。总之，在这项涉及健康老龄猫的研究中，与一些老年人、盐敏感患者和动物模型中观察到的情况不同，长期高盐日粮摄入与系统性动脉高血压和心肌功能障碍风险增加无关。
