Hilal M A, Attallah M F, Mohamed Gehan Y, Fayez-Hassan M
Analytical Chemistry and Control Department, Hot Laboratories and Waste Management Center (HLWMC), Atomic Energy Authority, Post Office No. 13759, Cairo, Egypt.
Analytical Chemistry and Control Department, Hot Laboratories and Waste Management Center (HLWMC), Atomic Energy Authority, Post Office No. 13759, Cairo, Egypt.
J Environ Radioact. 2014 Oct;136:121-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2014.05.016. Epub 2014 Jun 18.
In this study, a potential radiation hazard from TENORM sludge wastes generated during exploration and extraction processes of oil and gas was evaluated. The activity concentration of natural radionuclides (238)U, (226)Ra and (232)Th were determined in TENORM sludge waste. It was found that sludge waste from oil and gas industry is one of the major sources of (226)Ra in the environment. Therefore, some preliminary chemical treatment of sludge waste using Triton X-100 was also investigated to reduce the radioactivity content as well as the risk of radiation hazard from TENORM wastes. The activity concentrations of (226)Ra and (228)Ra in petroleum sludge materials before and after chemical treatment were measured using gamma-ray spectrometry. The average values of the activity concentrations of (226)Ra and (228)Ra measured in the original samples were found as 8908 Bq kg(-1) and 933 Bq kg(-1), respectively. After chemical treatment of TENORM samples, the average values of the activity concentrations of (226)Ra and (228)Ra measured in the samples were found as 7835 Bq kg(-1) and 574 Bq kg(-1), respectively. Activity concentration index, internal index, absorbed gamma dose rate and the corresponding effective dose rate were estimated for untreated and treated samples.
在本研究中，对石油和天然气勘探与开采过程中产生的含天然放射性核素的污泥废物（TENORM污泥废物）的潜在辐射危害进行了评估。测定了TENORM污泥废物中天然放射性核素（238）U、（226）Ra和（232）Th的活度浓度。结果发现，石油和天然气行业的污泥废物是环境中（226）Ra的主要来源之一。因此，还研究了使用吐温X - 100对污泥废物进行一些初步化学处理，以降低放射性含量以及TENORM废物的辐射危害风险。采用γ射线能谱法测量了化学处理前后石油污泥材料中（226）Ra和（228）Ra的活度浓度。在原始样品中测得的（226）Ra和（228）Ra活度浓度平均值分别为8908 Bq kg⁻¹和933 Bq kg⁻¹。对TENORM样品进行化学处理后，样品中测得的（226）Ra和（228）Ra活度浓度平均值分别为7835 Bq kg⁻¹和574 Bq kg⁻¹。估算了未处理和处理后样品的活度浓度指数、内照射指数、吸收γ剂量率和相应的有效剂量率。
