MacFarlane J W, Payton O D, Keatley A C, Scott G P T, Pullin H, Crane R A, Smilion M, Popescu I, Curlea V, Scott T B
Interface Analysis Centre, HH Wills Physics University of Bristol, UK.
Interface Analysis Centre, HH Wills Physics University of Bristol, UK.
J Environ Radioact. 2014 Oct;136:127-30. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2014.05.008. Epub 2014 Jun 18.
The Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant (FDNPP) incident released a significant mass of radioactive material into the atmosphere. An estimated 22% of this material fell out over land following the incident. Immediately following the disaster, there was a severe lack of information not only pertaining to the identity of the radioactive material released, but also its distribution as fallout in the surrounding regions. Indeed, emergency aid groups including the UN did not have sufficient location specific radiation data to accurately assign exclusion and evacuation zones surrounding the plant in the days and weeks following the incident. A newly developed instrument to provide rapid and high spatial resolution assessment of radionuclide contamination in the environment is presented. The device consists of a low cost, lightweight, unmanned aerial platform with a microcontroller and integrated gamma spectrometer, GPS and LIDAR. We demonstrate that with this instrument it is possible to rapidly and remotely detect ground-based radiation anomalies with a high spatial resolution (<1 m). Critically, as the device is remotely operated, the user is removed from any unnecessary or unforeseen exposure to elevated levels of radiation.
福岛第一核电站事故向大气中释放了大量放射性物质。事故发生后，估计有22%的此类物质降落在陆地上。灾难发生后，不仅严重缺乏有关所释放放射性物质的身份信息，而且也缺乏其作为沉降物在周边地区的分布信息。事实上，包括联合国在内的紧急援助组织在事故发生后的数天和数周内，没有足够的特定地点辐射数据来准确划定核电站周边的禁区和疏散区。本文介绍了一种新开发的用于快速、高空间分辨率评估环境中放射性核素污染的仪器。该设备由一个低成本、轻型的无人驾驶航空平台组成，该平台配备有微控制器、集成伽马能谱仪、全球定位系统（GPS）和激光雷达。我们证明，使用该仪器能够以高空间分辨率（<1米）快速、远程检测地面辐射异常。至关重要的是，由于该设备是远程操作的，使用者可避免任何不必要或不可预见的高辐射暴露。
