Neuhauser H, Poethko-Müller C
Abteilung für Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsmonitoring, Robert Koch-Institut, General-Pape-Straße 62-66, 12101, Berlin, Deutschland,
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2014 Jul;57(7):779-88. doi: 10.1007/s00103-014-1976-6.
The German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS) 2003-2006 is the first nationwide comprehensive study on the health of children and adolescents living in Germany. The KiGGS first interview follow-up is a telephone interview study that collected, among other things, data on a number of chronic and vaccine-preventable diseases in 2009-2012 and is a combined cross-sectional and longitudinal study based on a population registry sample from the 167 KiGGS study points. The analysis is based on 12,368 respondents (7913 KiGGS follow-up participants aged 7-17 years, response 72 % and 4455 newly recruited 0- to 6-year-olds, response 42 %). Based on parent reports the lifetime prevalence of both chickenpox and pertussis has decreased in the population targeted by recently changed vaccination recommendations. For measles the prevalence remained unsatisfactorily high in each investigated age group. Of the children and adolescents aged 0-17 years 16 % (95 % confidence interval CI 15.2-17.0 %) had a long-standing chronic health condition according to the parents. Of these, however, only one in five was affected in their routine daily activities. The lifetime prevalence in 7- to 17-year-olds was 1.2 % (0.9-1.6) for epilepsy (0.4 % for the past 12 months), 5.0 % (4.4-5.7) for migraine, 0.2 % (0.1-0.3) for diabetes and in 0 to 6-year-olds 2.0 % (1.5-2.6) for heart conditions and 3.1 % (2.5-3.8) for febrile seizures with a -prevalence in 0 to 2-year-olds which are most affected of 1.0 % (0.6-1.6) in the past 12 months. The vast majority of children and adolescents in Germany are in good or very good health as suggested by other results reported in this issue; however, chronic conditions are not rare and need continuous monitoring. These results confirm that implementation of the vaccination recommendations of the German Standing Committee on Vaccination (STIKO) can lead to effective prevention of infectious diseases in Germany.
德国2003 - 2006年儿童和青少年健康访谈与检查调查（KiGGS）是对生活在德国的儿童和青少年健康状况进行的首次全国性综合研究。KiGGS首次访谈随访是一项电话访谈研究，在2009 - 2012年收集了多种慢性疾病和疫苗可预防疾病的数据，是一项基于来自167个KiGGS研究点的人口登记样本的横断面与纵向相结合的研究。分析基于12368名受访者（7913名年龄在7 - 17岁的KiGGS随访参与者，应答率72%；4455名新招募的0 - 6岁儿童，应答率42%）。根据家长报告，在近期疫苗接种建议改变所针对的人群中，水痘和百日咳的终生患病率均有所下降。对于麻疹，在每个调查年龄组中患病率仍高得令人不满意。在0 - 17岁的儿童和青少年中，据家长报告，16%（95%置信区间CI 15.2 - 17.0%）患有长期慢性健康问题。然而，其中只有五分之一的人日常活动受到影响。7 - 17岁人群中癫痫的终生患病率为1.2%（0.9 - 1.6）（过去12个月为0.4%），偏头痛为5.0%（4.4 - 5.7），糖尿病为0.2%（0.1 - 0.3）；在0 - 6岁儿童中，心脏病患病率为2.0%（1.5 - 2.6），热性惊厥患病率为3.1%（2.5 - 3.8），在受影响最大的0 - 2岁儿童中，过去12个月患病率为1.0%（0.6 - 1.6）。本期报告的其他结果表明，德国绝大多数儿童和青少年健康状况良好或非常好；然而，慢性疾病并不罕见，需要持续监测。这些结果证实，实施德国疫苗接种常设委员会（STIKO）的疫苗接种建议能够有效预防德国的传染病。
