Finkelhor David, Vanderminden Jennifer, Turner Heather, Hamby Sherry, Shattuck Anne
Crimes against Children Research Center, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA.
Sewanee, The University of the South, Sewanee, TN, USA.
Child Abuse Negl. 2014 Sep;38(9):1421-35. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2014.05.005. Epub 2014 Jun 20.
This paper reports on national estimates for past year child maltreatment from a national household survey conducted in 2011. It also discusses the validity of such estimates in light of other available epidemiology. The Second National Survey of Children Exposed to Violence obtained rates based on 4,503 children and youth from interviews with caregivers about the children ages 0-9 and with the youth themselves for ages 10-17. The past year rates for physical abuse by caregivers were 4.0% for all sample children, emotional abuse by caregivers 5.6%, sexual abuse by caregivers 0.1%, sexual abuse by caregivers and non-caregivers 2.2%, neglect 4.7% and custodial interference 1.2%. Overall, 12.1% of the sample experienced at least one of these forms of maltreatment. Twenty-three percent of the maltreated children or 2.8% of the full sample experienced 2 or more forms of maltreatment. Some authority (teacher, police, medical personnel or counselor) was aware of considerable portions of most maltreatment, which suggests the potential for intervention. Many of the study's estimates were reasonable in light of other child maltreatment epidemiological studies, but comparisons about emotional abuse and neglect were problematic because of ambiguity about definitions.
本文报告了2011年全国住户调查对过去一年儿童虐待情况的全国性估计。它还根据其他现有流行病学情况讨论了此类估计的有效性。第二次全国暴力侵害儿童情况调查基于对4503名儿童和青少年的访谈得出了相关比率，这些访谈包括与0至9岁儿童的照料者以及10至17岁青少年本人进行的访谈。在所有样本儿童中，过去一年照料者实施身体虐待的比率为4.0%，照料者实施情感虐待的比率为5.6%，照料者实施性虐待的比率为0.1%，照料者和非照料者实施性虐待的比率为2.2%，忽视的比率为4.7%，监护干涉的比率为1.2%。总体而言，12.1%的样本经历了至少一种此类虐待形式。23%的受虐待儿童或占全部样本2.8%的儿童经历了两种或更多形式的虐待。一些权威人士（教师、警察、医务人员或顾问）了解到大部分虐待情况的相当一部分，这表明存在干预的可能性。根据其他儿童虐待流行病学研究，该研究的许多估计是合理的，但由于定义不明确，关于情感虐待和忽视的比较存在问题。
