Bontrager Yoder Andrea B, Liebhart Janice L, McCarty Daniel J, Meinen Amy, Schoeller Dale, Vargas Camilla, LaRowe Tara
Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI.
Wisconsin Department of Health Services, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity Prevention Program, Madison, WI.
J Nutr Educ Behav. 2014 Sep-Oct;46(5):341-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jneb.2014.04.297. Epub 2014 Jun 18.
To assess the effectiveness of Wisconsin Farm to School (F2S) programs in increasing students' fruit and vegetable (FV) intake.
Quasi-experimental baseline and follow-up assessments: knowledge and attitudes survey, food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and lunch tray photo observation.
Wisconsin elementary schools: 1 urban and 8 rural.
Children, grades 3-5 (n = 1,117; 53% male, 19% non-Caucasian).
INTERVENTION(S): Farm to School programming ranging from Harvest of the Month alone to comprehensive, including school garden, locally sourced produce in school meals, and classroom lessons.
Knowledge, attitudes, exposure, liking, willingness; FFQ-derived (total), and photo-derived school lunch FV intake.
t tests and mixed modeling to assess baseline differences and academic-year change.
Higher willingness to try FV (+1%; P < .001) and knowledge of nutrition/agriculture (+1%; P < .001) (n = 888), and lunch FV availability (+6% to 17%; P ≤ .001) (n = 4,451 trays), both with increasing prior F2S program exposure and across the year. There was no effect on overall dietary patterns (FFQ; n = 305) but FV consumption increased among those with the lowest intakes (FFQ, baseline very low fruit intake, +135%, P < .001; photos: percentage of trays with no FV consumption for continuing programs decreased 3% to 10%, P ≤ .05).
Farm to School programming improved mediators of FV consumption and decreased the proportion of children with unfavorable FV behaviors at school lunch. Longer-term data are needed to further assess F2S programs.
评估威斯康星州农场到学校（F2S）项目在增加学生水果和蔬菜（FV）摄入量方面的有效性。
准实验性基线和随访评估：知识与态度调查、食物频率问卷（FFQ）以及午餐托盘照片观察。
威斯康星州的小学：1所城市小学和8所农村小学。
三至五年级的儿童（n = 1117；53%为男性，19%为非白种人）。
从仅开展“月度收获”活动到全面的农场到学校项目，包括校园花园、学校餐食中使用本地采购的农产品以及课堂教学。
知识、态度、接触、喜好、意愿；基于FFQ得出的（总量）以及基于照片得出的学校午餐FV摄入量。
采用t检验和混合模型来评估基线差异和学年变化。
尝试FV的意愿更高（增加1%；P < 0.001）以及营养/农业知识增加（增加1%；P < 0.001）（n = 888），午餐中FV的供应量增加（6%至17%；P ≤ 0.001）（n = 4451个托盘），这两者都随着之前F2S项目接触的增加以及一整年的时间而增加。对总体饮食模式没有影响（FFQ；n = 305），但摄入量最低的人群中FV消费量增加（FFQ，基线时水果摄入量极低，增加135%，P < 0.001；照片：持续项目中无FV消费的托盘比例下降了3%至10%，P ≤ 0.05）。
农场到学校项目改善了FV消费的中介因素，并降低了学校午餐时FV行为不佳的儿童比例。需要长期数据来进一步评估F2S项目。
