Cruz Maria J B, Dourado Lays F N, Bodevan Emerson C, Andrade Renata A, Santos Delba F
Faculdade de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, MG, Brazil.
Faculdade de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, MG, Brazil.
J Pediatr (Rio J). 2014 Nov-Dec;90(6):608-15. doi: 10.1016/j.jped.2014.03.004. Epub 2014 Jun 20.
Determine the prevalence of medication use in children and adolescents in 20 municipalities of Vale do Jequitinhonha, Minas Gerais-Brazil, showing the main groups and variables that may have influenced use.
Descriptive population-based survey sample of 555 interviews, selected by simple random cluster sampling of 137 census tracts. Inclusion criteria were age ≤ 14 years, mandatory interview with the legal guardians, and regardless of having received medications. Regarding the usage pattern, participants were divided into two groups: consumption and non-consumption of drugs. A descriptive analysis of the variables and tests of association were performed.
The prevalence of drug consumption was 56.57%, and 42.43% showed no consumption. The use of medicinal plants was 72.9% for drug users and 74.3% for non-users. The health conditions for consumption were cough, common cold, flu, nasal congestion or bronchospasm (49.7%), fever (5.4%), headache (5.4%), diarrhea, indigestion, and abdominal colic (6.7%). In cases of self-medication, 30.57% of the drugs were given by the mother, and 69.42% were prescription drugs. Self-medication was prevalent using paracetamol (30.2%), dipyrone (20.8%), and cold medicine (18.8%). There was increased use of analgesics/antipyretics, followed by respiratory medications, systemic antibiotics, histamine H1 antagonists, and vitamins/antianemics.
The prevalence of drugs use in children was high, indicating the need for formulating educational programs aiming at the awareness of caregivers regarding rational use.
确定巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州热基蒂尼奥尼亚河谷20个市儿童和青少年的用药患病率，展示可能影响用药的主要群体和变量。
基于人群的描述性调查样本，通过对137个普查区进行简单随机整群抽样选取555名受访者。纳入标准为年龄≤14岁、必须与法定监护人进行访谈且无论是否接受过药物治疗。关于用药模式，参与者分为两组：用药组和未用药组。对变量进行描述性分析并进行关联性检验。
用药患病率为56.57%，42.43%未用药。药用植物的使用率在用药者中为72.9%，在未用药者中为74.3%。用药的健康状况为咳嗽、普通感冒、流感、鼻塞或支气管痉挛（49.7%）、发烧（5.4%）、头痛（5.4%）、腹泻、消化不良和腹部绞痛（6.7%）。在自我用药的情况下，30.57%的药物由母亲给予，69.42%为处方药。自我用药中对乙酰氨基酚（30.2%）、安乃近（20.8%）和感冒药（18.8%）使用普遍。镇痛药/退热药的使用增加，其次是呼吸系统药物、全身用抗生素、组胺H1拮抗剂和维生素/抗贫血药。
儿童用药患病率较高，表明需要制定教育计划，以提高护理人员对合理用药的认识。
