Bert Fabrizio, Previti Christian, Calabrese Francesco, Scaioli Giacomo, Siliquini Roberta
Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy.
Hygiene and Infection Control Unit, ASL TO3, 10098 Turin, Italy.
Antibiotics (Basel). 2022 Nov 9;11(11):1583. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics11111583.
The phenomenon of bacterial antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a rapidly growing global problem. Overuse and misuse of antibiotics as well as self-prescription are among the most important causes contributing to the growth of antibiotic resistance in humans. This systematic review describes the phenomenon of antibiotics self-medication (ASM) in children. The study was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist by searching PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science until July 2022. Published English language studies containing information regarding parents knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors in self-administration of antibiotics in children were included. A total of 702 articles were identified, and 57 were selected. A higher prevalence of ASM among children was found in the Middle-East (34%), Africa (22%), Asia (20%) and South America (17%), while the lowest prevalence was found in Europe (8%). High distance from hospital, and low income, such as having more than one child, are related with an increased risk of ASM in children. Fever and cough can also promote the misuse of antibiotics by parents. A greater attention to the regulation of the sale of antimicrobial drugs can certainly limit the risk of self-medicating behavior.
细菌抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）现象是一个在全球迅速发展的问题。抗生素的过度使用和滥用以及自行用药是导致人类抗生素耐药性增加的最重要原因。本系统评价描述了儿童抗生素自我药疗（ASM）现象。该研究按照系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）清单进行，通过检索PubMed、Scopus和Web of Science直至2022年7月。纳入了发表的英文研究，这些研究包含有关父母在儿童自行使用抗生素方面的知识、态度和行为的信息。共识别出702篇文章，筛选出57篇。中东地区（34%）、非洲（22%）、亚洲（20%）和南美洲（17%）儿童中ASM的患病率较高，而欧洲（8%）的患病率最低。距离医院较远以及低收入，如家庭中有多个孩子，与儿童ASM风险增加有关。发热和咳嗽也会促使父母滥用抗生素。加强对抗菌药物销售的监管肯定可以降低自我药疗行为的风险。
