Ridoutt C, Lee A, Moloney B, Massey Pd, Charman N, Jordan D
New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute, Menangle, NSW, Australia.
Aust Vet J. 2014 Sep;92(9):343-7. doi: 10.1111/avj.12203. Epub 2014 Jun 23.
To determine the presence and estimate the prevalence of Brucella suis, Leptospira interrogans serovar Pomona (hereafter L. pomona) and Leptospira borgpetersenii serovar Hardjo (hereafter L. hardjo) in feral pigs culled in New South Wales (NSW), Australia.
During 2012 and 2013, 239 serum samples were collected from feral pigs killed as pests or game in NSW. All sera were subjected to the rose-bengal test for B. suis, with positives subjected to the complement fixation test (CFT). Attempts were made to detect B. suis by culture and PCR on CFT-positive samples. All sera were tested separately for the presence of L. pomona and L. hardjo antibodies using the microscopic agglutination test.
Of 238 samples tested, 7 were positive (4 with CFT titres ≥ 32) for B. suis antibodies (3% seroprevalence). However, B. suis was not cultured or detected by PCR. Of 239 sera tested for L. pomona antibodies, 126 samples were positive (53%) and 9 (4%) were positive for L. hardjo.
The findings are the first tangible evidence that feral pigs in northern NSW harbour B. suis, providing a plausible explanation for recent human and canine cases of brucellosis related to pig hunting. The increased seroprevalence of L. pomona occurred in years preceded by flooding and rodent plagues, suggesting a potential for zoonotic infection much greater than previously realised. Advice to the community should focus on encouraging the adoption of improved hygiene practices during pig hunting and consideration of vaccinating livestock against leptospirosis.
确定澳大利亚新南威尔士州（NSW）捕杀的野猪中猪布鲁氏菌、波摩那钩端螺旋体（以下简称波摩那型钩体）和哈氏钩端螺旋体（以下简称哈氏型钩体）的存在情况并估计其流行率。
在2012年和2013年期间，从新南威尔士州作为有害动物或猎物捕杀的野猪身上采集了239份血清样本。所有血清均进行猪布鲁氏菌的虎红试验，阳性样本进行补体结合试验（CFT）。尝试通过对CFT阳性样本进行培养和聚合酶链反应（PCR）来检测猪布鲁氏菌。所有血清分别使用显微镜凝集试验检测波摩那型钩体和哈氏型钩体抗体的存在情况。
在检测的238份样本中，7份猪布鲁氏菌抗体呈阳性（4份CFT滴度≥32）（血清阳性率为3%）。然而，未通过培养或PCR检测到猪布鲁氏菌。在检测波摩那型钩体抗体的239份血清中，126份样本呈阳性（53%），9份（4%）哈氏型钩体呈阳性。
这些发现是新南威尔士州北部野猪携带猪布鲁氏菌的首个切实证据，为近期与猎猪相关的人类和犬类布鲁氏菌病病例提供了合理的解释。波摩那型钩体血清阳性率在洪水和鼠灾后的年份有所上升，这表明人畜共患感染的可能性比之前意识到的要大得多。应向社区提供的建议应侧重于鼓励在猎猪期间采用改进的卫生措施，并考虑为家畜接种钩端螺旋体病疫苗。
