Babb Chantal, Urban Margaret, Kielkowski Danuta, Kellett Patricia
NHLS/MRC Cancer Epidemiology Research Group (CERG), National Cancer Registry (NCR), National Health Laboratory Services (NHLS), Johannesburg 2000, South Africa.
Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2000, South Africa.
Prostate Cancer. 2014;2014:419801. doi: 10.1155/2014/419801. Epub 2014 May 15.
Prostate cancer is one of the most common male cancers globally; however little is known about prostate cancer in Africa. Incidence data for prostate cancer in South Africa (SA) from the pathology based National Cancer Registry (1986-2006) and data on mortality (1997-2009) from Statistics SA were analysed. World standard population denominators were used to calculate age specific incidence and mortality rates (ASIR and ASMR) using the direct method. Prostate cancer was the most common male cancer in all SA population groups (excluding basal cell carcinoma). There are large disparities in the ASIR between black, white, coloured, and Asian/Indian populations: 19, 65, 46, and 19 per 100 000, respectively, and ASMR was 11, 7, 52, and 6 per 100 000, respectively. Prostate cancer was the second leading cause of cancer death, accounting for around 13% of male deaths from a cancer. The average age at diagnosis was 68 years and 74 years at death. For SA the ASIR increased from 16.8 in 1986 to 30.8 in 2006, while the ASMR increased from 12.3 in 1997 to 16.7 in 2009. There has been a steady increase of incidence and mortality from prostate cancer in SA.
前列腺癌是全球最常见的男性癌症之一；然而，人们对非洲的前列腺癌了解甚少。分析了南非国家癌症登记处基于病理数据的1986 - 2006年前列腺癌发病率数据以及南非统计局提供的1997 - 2009年死亡率数据。使用世界标准人口分母，采用直接法计算年龄别发病率和死亡率（ASIR和ASMR）。在南非所有人群组（不包括基底细胞癌）中，前列腺癌是最常见的男性癌症。黑种人、白种人、混血人种和亚洲/印度人群的ASIR存在很大差异：分别为每10万人19例、65例、46例和19例，ASMR分别为每10万人11例、7例、52例和6例。前列腺癌是癌症死亡的第二大主要原因，约占男性癌症死亡人数的13%。诊断时的平均年龄为68岁，死亡时为74岁。在南非，ASIR从1986年的16.8上升到2006年的30.8，而ASMR从1997年的12.3上升到2009年的16.7。南非前列腺癌的发病率和死亡率一直在稳步上升。
