Hill Jonathan P, Shrestha Lok Kumar, Ishihara Shinsuke, Ji Qingmin, Ariga Katsuhiko
WPI-Centre for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute of Materials Science (NIMS), Namiki 1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan.
International Centre for Young Scientists, National Institute of Materials Science (NIMS), Namiki 1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan.
Molecules. 2014 Jun 23;19(6):8589-609. doi: 10.3390/molecules19068589.
Self-assembly has been recognised as a ubiquitous aspect of modern chemistry. Our understanding and applications of self-assembly are substantially based on what has been learned from biochemical systems. In this review, we describe various aspects of self-assembly commencing with an account of the soft structures that are available by assembly of surfactant amphiphiles, which are important scientific and industrial materials. Variation of molecular design using rules defined by surfactant self-assembly permits synthesis of functional nanostructures in solution and at surfaces while increasing the strength of intermolecular interactions through π-π stacking, metal cation coordination and/or hydrogen bonding leads to formation of highly complex bespoke nanostructured materials exemplified by DNA assemblies. We describe the origins of self-assembly involving aggregation of lipid amphiphiles and how this subject has been expanded to include other highly advanced chemical systems.
自组装已被公认为现代化学中普遍存在的一个方面。我们对自组装的理解和应用在很大程度上基于从生物化学系统中学到的知识。在本综述中，我们描述了自组装的各个方面，首先介绍了通过表面活性剂两亲分子组装得到的软结构，这些表面活性剂两亲分子是重要的科学和工业材料。利用表面活性剂自组装定义的规则进行分子设计的变化，能够在溶液和表面合成功能性纳米结构，同时通过π-π堆积、金属阳离子配位和/或氢键增强分子间相互作用，从而形成以DNA组装体为代表的高度复杂的定制纳米结构材料。我们描述了涉及脂质两亲分子聚集的自组装起源，以及这个主题是如何扩展到包括其他高度先进的化学系统的。
