Slayden Ov Daniel
Division of Reproductive Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon.
Semin Reprod Med. 2014 Sep;32(5):385-91. doi: 10.1055/s-0034-1376357. Epub 2014 Jun 24.
Old World monkeys display physiological responses to steroid hormones that are similar to those of women. In this review, we describe cyclic morphological changes that take place within the uterus of Old World primates during the menstrual cycle. In primates, estrogen stimulates endometrial growth in the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. Progesterone secreted in the luteal phase acts to induce secretory differentiation, which is required for successful embryo implantation. During the differentiation process, endometrial estrogen receptor-1 (ESR-1) is suppressed, and reduced staining for ESR-1 is a definitive marker of the onset of uterine receptivity. Downregulation of ESR-1 is topographically limited to the functionalis (upper) zones of the endometrium, the zones in which embryo implantation occurs, indicating that zone-specific factors play a role in the differentiation process. Future genomic and proteomic studies are expected to reveal additional markers for diagnosing endometrial receptivity. Due to the distinct zonal response of the endometrium to ovarian steroids, accurate histological characterization will remain necessary to interpret novel targets in the assessment of fertility.
旧世界猴对类固醇激素的生理反应与女性相似。在本综述中，我们描述了旧世界灵长类动物子宫在月经周期中发生的周期性形态变化。在灵长类动物中，雌激素在月经周期的卵泡期刺激子宫内膜生长。黄体期分泌的孕酮促使分泌性分化，这是胚胎成功着床所必需的。在分化过程中，子宫内膜雌激素受体-1（ESR-1）受到抑制，ESR-1染色减少是子宫接受性开始的明确标志。ESR-1的下调在地形上局限于子宫内膜的功能层（上层）区域，即胚胎着床的区域，这表明区域特异性因素在分化过程中起作用。未来的基因组和蛋白质组学研究有望揭示更多诊断子宫内膜接受性的标志物。由于子宫内膜对卵巢类固醇有明显的区域反应，在评估生育能力时，准确的组织学特征对于解释新的靶点仍然是必要的。
