Creighton University School of Pharmacy and Health Professions and School of Medicine , 2500 California Plaza, Omaha, NE 68178 , USA +1 402 280 3145 ;
Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2014 Aug;13(8):1055-69. doi: 10.1517/14740338.2014.931369. Epub 2014 Jun 24.
Parkinson's disease (PD) is among the most common of the neurodegenerative disorders. Treatment is primarily focused on correcting neurotransmitter imbalances. Several classes of medication are available for this purpose.
A Medline search was performed to gather information about the safety of the medications approved for the treatment of the motor symptoms of PD. This was supplemented with additional articles obtained from online sources and information provided by the FDA and the manufacturers. The focus of this review is the side-effect and safety profiles of carbidopa/levodopa, dopamine agonists, selective monoamine oxidase inhibitors, catechol-o-methyltransferase inhibitors, anticholinergics and amantadine.
Though serious side-effects may occur, as a group, the medications used for the treatment of PD motor symptoms tend to produce side-effects that are mild to moderate in nature, and that primarily reflect the focus on dopaminergic therapies. Care plans for Parkinson's patients should be approached based on the needs of the individual as disease presentation, lifestyle, level of disability, concurrent disease states and the presence of non-motor symptoms make each case unique. Patients and caregivers must have realistic expectations about the use of PD medications.
帕金森病（PD）是最常见的神经退行性疾病之一。治疗主要集中在纠正神经递质失衡上。为此目的，有几类药物可供使用。
进行了 Medline 搜索，以收集有关批准用于治疗 PD 运动症状的药物安全性的信息。此外，还从在线来源获取了其他文章，并从 FDA 和制造商处获得了信息。本综述的重点是卡比多巴/左旋多巴、多巴胺激动剂、选择性单胺氧化酶抑制剂、儿茶酚-O-甲基转移酶抑制剂、抗胆碱能药物和金刚烷胺的副作用和安全性概况。
尽管可能会出现严重的副作用，但作为一个整体，用于治疗 PD 运动症状的药物往往会产生性质为轻度至中度的副作用，并且主要反映了对多巴胺能治疗的关注。帕金森病患者的护理计划应根据患者的个人需求制定，因为疾病表现、生活方式、残疾程度、并发疾病状态以及非运动症状的存在使每个病例都具有独特性。患者和护理人员必须对 PD 药物的使用有现实的期望。
