Nugmanova Zhamilya S, Ussatayeva Gainel, McNutt Louise-Anne
Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
Kazakhstan School of Public Health, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
Inj Prev. 2015 Apr;21(e1):e109-12. doi: 10.1136/injuryprev-2014-041198. Epub 2014 Jun 25.
Traffic fatalities in Kazakhstan increased from 15 to more than 30 per 100 000 between 2001 and 2006. Mortality remains high compared with developed nations. Safety-restraint laws have been enacted, but little data exist regarding usage of seatbelts, particularly among children and passengers. This cross-sectional study surveyed medical university students about attitudes and behaviours regarding seatbelt and child safety-restraint usage. Seatbelts are widely used in the front seat (81%) but not in the back seat (79% 'never' or 'rarely' use a seatbelt in the back seat). Fewer than half reported 'always' or 'almost always' providing restraint for children under 7 years and 24% reported children secure the seatbelts themselves. Safety in the back seat merits attention. Adults generally do not buckle in the back seat despite a law requiring seatbelt use. Promotion of child safety restraints should be prioritised in prevention education for physicians and the community.
2001年至2006年间，哈萨克斯坦的交通死亡人数从每10万人15人增加到30多人。与发达国家相比，死亡率仍然很高。该国已颁布了安全约束法，但关于安全带使用情况的数据很少，尤其是儿童和乘客的使用情况。这项横断面研究调查了医科大学生对安全带和儿童安全约束装置使用的态度和行为。安全带在前排座位的使用率很高（81%），但在后排座位的使用率较低（79%的人“从不”或“很少”在后排座位使用安全带）。不到一半的人报告“总是”或“几乎总是”为7岁以下儿童提供约束措施，24%的人报告儿童自己系安全带。后排座位的安全值得关注。尽管有法律要求使用安全带，但成年人通常不在后排座位系安全带。在针对医生和社区的预防教育中，应优先推广儿童安全约束装置。
