Anguria Peter, Kitinya James, Ntuli Sam, Carmichael Trevor
Department of Neurosciences, Division of Ophthalmology, University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Park Town 2193, South Africa.
Department of Anatomic Pathology, University of Limpopo Polokwane Campus, Private Bag X9316 Polokwane 0700, South Africa.
Int J Ophthalmol. 2014 Jun 18;7(3):563-73. doi: 10.3980/j.issn.2222-3959.2014.03.31. eCollection 2014.
Several risk factors, which include heredity, ultra-violet (UV) light and chronic inflammation, contribute to pterygium development. However, there is no report integrating these factors in the pathogenesis of pterygium. The aim of this review is to describe the connection between heredity, UV, and inflammation in pterygium development. Existing reports indicate that sunlight exposure is the main factor in pterygium occurrence by inducing growth factor production or chronic inflammation or DNA damage. Heredity may be a factor. Our studies on factors in pterygium occurrence and recurrence identify that heredity is crucial for pterygium to develop, and that sunlight is only a trigger, and that chronic inflammation promotes pterygium enlargement. We propose that genetic factors may interfere with the control of fibrovascular proliferation while UV light or (sunlight) most likely only triggers pterygium development by inducing growth factors which promote vibrant fibrovascular proliferation in predisposed individuals. It also just triggers inflammation and collagenolysis, which may be promoters of the enlargement of the fibrovascular mass. Pterygium probably occurs in the presence of exuberant collagen production and profuse neovascularisation.
包括遗传、紫外线（UV）照射和慢性炎症在内的多种风险因素会促使翼状胬肉的发展。然而，尚无将这些因素整合到翼状胬肉发病机制中的报道。本综述的目的是描述遗传、紫外线和炎症在翼状胬肉发展过程中的联系。现有报道表明，阳光照射是翼状胬肉发生的主要因素，它可诱导生长因子产生、引发慢性炎症或导致DNA损伤。遗传因素可能也是其中一个因素。我们对翼状胬肉发生和复发因素的研究表明，遗传因素对于翼状胬肉的发展至关重要，阳光只是一个触发因素，而慢性炎症会促使翼状胬肉增大。我们认为，遗传因素可能会干扰对纤维血管增殖的控制，而紫外线或（阳光）很可能只是通过诱导生长因子来触发翼状胬肉的发展，这些生长因子会促进易感个体中活跃的纤维血管增殖。它还会引发炎症和胶原溶解，这可能是纤维血管团块增大的促进因素。翼状胬肉可能在胶原蛋白过度产生和大量新血管形成的情况下发生。
