Dewalque Lucas, Charlier Corinne, Pirard Catherine
Laboratory of Clinical, Forensic and Environmental Toxicology, University of Liege (ULg), CHU (B35), Liege 4000, Belgium; Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (C.I.R.M.), University of Liege (ULg), CHU (B35), Liege 4000, Belgium.
Toxicol Lett. 2014 Dec 1;231(2):161-8. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2014.06.028. Epub 2014 Jun 23.
The daily intakes (DI) were estimated in a Belgian general population for 5 phthalates, namely diethyl phthalate (DEP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP), di-iso-butyl phthalate (DiBP), butylbenzyl phthalate (BBzP) and di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), based on the urinary measurements of their corresponding metabolites. DI values ranged between <LOD and 59.65 μg/kg bw/day depending on the congener, and were globally higher for children than adults. They were compared to acceptable levels of exposure (tolerable daily intakes) to evaluate the hazard quotients (HQ), which highlight an intake above the dose considered as safe for values greater than 1. If very few of our Belgian participants exceeded this threshold for phthalates considered individually, 6.2% of the adults and 25% of the children showed an excessive hazard index (HI) which took into account the cumulative risk of adverse anti-androgenic effects. These results are of concern since these HI were based on only 3 phthalates (DEHP, DiBP and DnBP), and showed a median of 0.55 and 0.29 for children and adults respectively. The comparison with previously determined dietary intakes demonstrated that for DEHP, food intake was nearly the only route of exposure while other pathways occurred mainly for the other studied phthalates.
基于对5种邻苯二甲酸酯（即邻苯二甲酸二乙酯（DEP）、邻苯二甲酸二正丁酯（DnBP）、邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯（DiBP）、邻苯二甲酸丁苄酯（BBzP）和邻苯二甲酸二（2-乙基己基）酯（DEHP））相应代谢物的尿液测量结果，估算了比利时普通人群的每日摄入量（DI）。DI值因同系物而异，范围在<检测限至59.65μg/kg体重/天之间，总体上儿童的DI值高于成人。将这些值与可接受的暴露水平（每日耐受摄入量）进行比较，以评估风险商数（HQ），对于大于1的值，HQ突出显示摄入量高于被视为安全的剂量。如果我们的比利时参与者中只有极少数人超过了单独考虑的邻苯二甲酸酯的这一阈值，那么6.2%的成年人和25%的儿童显示出过高的风险指数（HI），该指数考虑了抗雄激素不良影响的累积风险。这些结果令人担忧，因为这些HI仅基于3种邻苯二甲酸酯（DEHP、DiBP和DnBP），儿童和成人的中位数分别为0.55和0.29。与先前确定的膳食摄入量的比较表明，对于DEHP，食物摄入几乎是唯一的暴露途径，而其他途径主要发生在其他研究的邻苯二甲酸酯中。
