Woldehawariat Girma, Martinez Pedro E, Hauser Peter, Hoover David M, Drevets Wayne W C, McMahon Francis J
Genetic Basis of Mood & Anxiety Disorders Section, Human Genetics Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America.
Section on Behavioral Endocrinology, National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland, Unites States of America.
PLoS One. 2014 Jun 26;9(6):e99980. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099980. eCollection 2014.
Anatomical differences in the corpus callosum have been found in various psychiatric disorders, but data on the genetic contributions to these differences have been limited. The current study used morphometric MRI data to assess the heritability of corpus callosum size and the genetic correlations among anatomical sub-regions of the corpus callosum among individuals with and without mood disorders. The corpus callosum (CC) was manually segmented at the mid-sagittal plane in 42 women (healthy, n = 14; major depressive disorder, n = 15; bipolar disorder, n = 13) and their 86 child or adolescent offspring. Four anatomical sub-regions (CC-genu, CC2, CC3 and CC-splenium) and total CC were measured and analyzed. Heritability and genetic correlations were estimated using a variance components method, with adjustment for age, sex, diagnosis, and diagnosis x age, where appropriate. Significant heritability was found for several CC sub-regions (P<0.01), with estimated values ranging from 48% (splenium) to 67% (total CC). There were strong and significant genetic correlations among most sub regions. Correlations between the genu and mid-body, between the genu and total corpus callosum, and between anterior and mid body were all >90%, but no significant genetic correlations were detected between ventral and rostral regions in this sample. Genetic factors play an important role in corpus callosum size among individuals. Distinct genetic factors seem to be involved in caudal and rostral regions, consistent with the divergent functional specialization of these brain areas.
在各种精神疾病中均发现了胼胝体的解剖学差异，但关于这些差异的遗传因素的数据有限。本研究使用形态计量磁共振成像（MRI）数据来评估胼胝体大小的遗传力以及患有和未患有情绪障碍的个体中胼胝体各解剖亚区域之间的遗传相关性。在矢状中平面手动分割了42名女性（健康者，n = 14；重度抑郁症患者，n = 15；双相情感障碍患者，n = 13）及其86名儿童或青少年后代的胼胝体（CC）。测量并分析了四个解剖亚区域（胼胝体膝部、CC2、CC3和胼胝体压部）以及整个胼胝体。使用方差成分法估计遗传力和遗传相关性，并在适当情况下对年龄、性别、诊断以及诊断×年龄进行了调整。发现几个胼胝体亚区域具有显著的遗传力（P<0.01），估计值范围从48%（压部）到67%（整个胼胝体）。大多数亚区域之间存在强且显著的遗传相关性。膝部与胼胝体中部之间、膝部与整个胼胝体之间以及前部与中部之间的相关性均>90%，但在该样本中腹侧和嘴侧区域之间未检测到显著的遗传相关性。遗传因素在个体的胼胝体大小中起重要作用。不同的遗传因素似乎参与了尾侧和嘴侧区域，这与这些脑区不同的功能特化一致。
