Phillips Kimberley A, Rogers Jeffrey, Barrett Elizabeth A, Glahn David C, Kochunov Peter
Department of Psychology, Trinity University, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Twin Res Hum Genet. 2012 Jun;15(3):315-23. doi: 10.1017/thg.2012.10.
The degree to which genes and environment determine variations in brain structure and function is fundamentally important to understanding normal and disease-related patterns of neural organization and activity. We studied genetic contributions to the midsagittal area of the corpus callosum (CC) in pedigreed baboons (68 males, 112 females) to replicate findings of high genetic contribution to that area of the CC reported in humans, and to determine if the heritability of the CC midsagittal area in adults was modulated by fetal development rate. Measurements of callosal area were obtained from high-resolution MRI scans. Heritability was estimated from pedigree-based maximum likelihood estimation of genetic and non-genetic variance components as implemented in Sequential Oligogenic Linkage Analysis Routines (SOLAR). Our analyses revealed significant heritability for the total area of the CC and all of its subdivisions, with h2 = .46 for the total CC, and h2 = .54, .37, .62, .56, and .29 for genu, anterior midbody, medial midbody, posterior midbody and splenium, respectively. Genetic correlation analysis demonstrated that the individual subdivisions shared between 41% and 98% of genetic variability. Combined with previous research reporting high heritability of other brain structures in baboons, these results reveal a consistent pattern of high heritability for brain morphometric measures in baboons.
基因和环境在多大程度上决定大脑结构和功能的差异，对于理解神经组织和活动的正常模式以及与疾病相关的模式至关重要。我们研究了纯种狒狒（68只雄性，112只雌性）胼胝体（CC）矢状中面区域的遗传贡献，以重复人类中该CC区域高遗传贡献的研究结果，并确定成人CC矢状中面区域的遗传力是否受胎儿发育速度的调节。胼胝体面积的测量来自高分辨率MRI扫描。遗传力是根据顺序寡基因连锁分析程序（SOLAR）中基于家系的遗传和非遗传方差成分的最大似然估计来估计的。我们的分析显示，CC总面积及其所有亚区域均具有显著的遗传力，CC总面积的h2 = 0.46，膝部、前中部、内侧中部、后中部和压部的h2分别为0.54、0.37、0.62、0.56和0.29。遗传相关性分析表明，各个亚区域共享41%至98%的遗传变异性。结合之前关于狒狒其他脑结构高遗传力的研究报告，这些结果揭示了狒狒脑形态测量指标高遗传力的一致模式。
