Arlian L G, Vyszenski-Moher D L, Pole M J
Department of Biological Sciences, Wright State University, Dayton, OH 45435.
Exp Appl Acarol. 1989 Apr;6(3):181-7. doi: 10.1007/BF01193978.
All life-stages of Sarcoptes scabiei var. canis survive in the hosts' environment for several days to several weeks depending on r.h. and temperature. Survival of larvae was comparable to males; survival of nymphs was comparable to females. Females and nymphs generally survived longer than larvae and males. Low temperature (10-15 degrees) and high r.h. prolonged survival of all life stages. At 10-15 degrees C, females and nymphs survived 1-3 weeks at 97% r.h., 1-2 weeks at 75% r.h. and 5-8 days at 45% r.h. At 20-25 degrees C, survival was significantly reduced but all life-stages survived at least 2 days at 25% r.h. and 5-6 days at 75-100% r.h. Long survival off the host coupled with host-seeking behavior of these mites make it likely that environmental contamination is a source of scabies in domestic and wild mammals, and in humans.
犬疥螨的所有生命阶段在宿主环境中可存活数天至数周，具体时长取决于相对湿度（r.h.）和温度。幼虫的存活情况与雄螨相当；若虫的存活情况与雌螨相当。雌螨和若虫通常比幼虫和雄螨存活时间更长。低温（10 - 15摄氏度）和高相对湿度会延长所有生命阶段的存活时间。在10 - 15摄氏度时，雌螨和若虫在相对湿度97%的环境中存活1 - 3周，在75%相对湿度下存活1 - 2周，在45%相对湿度下存活5 - 8天。在20 - 25摄氏度时，存活时间显著缩短，但所有生命阶段在25%相对湿度下至少存活2天，在75 - 100%相对湿度下存活5 - 6天。这些螨虫在离开宿主后存活时间长，再加上其寻找宿主的行为，使得环境污染很可能成为家养和野生哺乳动物以及人类疥疮的一个传染源。
