Department of Anthropology,University of Missouri,Columbia,MO
School of Human Evolution and Social Change,Arizona State University,Tempe,AZ
Behav Brain Sci. 2014 Jun;37(3):269-70. doi: 10.1017/S0140525X13002975.
Smaldino is right to argue that we need a richer theory of group-level traits. He is wrong, however, in limiting group-level traits to units of cultural selection, which require explanations based on group selection. Traits are best understood when explanations focus on both process (i.e., selection) and product (i.e., adaptation). This approach can distinguish group-level traits that arise through within-group processes from those that arise through between-group processes.
斯莫尔迪诺认为我们需要一个更丰富的群体层面特征理论，这是正确的。然而，他将群体层面特征仅限于需要基于群体选择的文化选择单位的观点是错误的。当解释既关注过程（即选择）又关注产品（即适应）时，特征最容易理解。这种方法可以区分通过群体内部过程产生的群体层面特征和通过群体间过程产生的群体层面特征。
