Muzyka Denys, Pantin-Jackwood Mary, Stegniy Borys, Rula Oleksandr, Bolotin Vitaliy, Stegniy Anton, Gerilovych Anton, Shutchenko Pavlo, Stegniy Maryna, Koshelev Vasyl, Maiorova Klavdii, Tkachenko Semen, Muzyka Nataliia, Usova Larysa, Afonso Claudio L
National Scientific Center Institute of Experimental and Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Kharkiv, Ukraine
Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Athens, Georgia, USA.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2014 Sep;80(17):5427-38. doi: 10.1128/AEM.00733-14. Epub 2014 Jun 27.
Despite the existence of 10 avian paramyxovirus (APMV) serotypes, very little is known about the distribution, host species, and ecological factors affecting virus transmission. To better understand the relationship among these factors, we conducted APMV wild bird surveillance in regions of Ukraine suspected of being intercontinental (north to south and east to west) flyways. Surveillance for APMV was conducted in 6,735 wild birds representing 86 species and 8 different orders during 2006 to 2011 through different seasons. Twenty viruses were isolated and subsequently identified as APMV-1 (n = 9), APMV-4 (n = 4), APMV-6 (n = 3), and APMV-7 (n = 4). The highest isolation rate occurred during the autumn migration (0.61%), with viruses isolated from mallards, teals, dunlins, and a wigeon. The rate of isolation was lower during winter (December to March) (0.32%), with viruses isolated from ruddy shelducks, mallards, white-fronted geese, and a starling. During spring migration, nesting, and postnesting (April to August) no APMV strains were isolated out of 1,984 samples tested. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of four APMV-1 and two APMV-4 viruses showed that one APMV-1 virus belonging to class 1 was epidemiologically linked to viruses from China, three class II APMV-1 viruses were epidemiologically connected with viruses from Nigeria and Luxembourg, and one APMV-4 virus was related to goose viruses from Egypt. In summary, we have identified the wild bird species most likely to be infected with APMV, and our data support possible intercontinental transmission of APMVs by wild birds.
尽管存在10种禽副粘病毒（APMV）血清型，但对于影响病毒传播的分布、宿主物种及生态因素却知之甚少。为了更好地理解这些因素之间的关系，我们在乌克兰疑似洲际（从北到南和从东到西）飞行路线的地区开展了APMV野生鸟类监测。在2006年至2011年期间，通过不同季节对代表86个物种和8个不同目别的6735只野生鸟类进行了APMV监测。分离出20种病毒，随后鉴定为APMV-1（n = 9）、APMV-4（n = 4）、APMV-6（n = 3）和APMV-7（n = 4）。最高分离率出现在秋季迁徙期间（0.61%），病毒分离自绿头鸭、绿翅鸭、黑腹滨鹬和一只赤颈鸭。冬季（12月至3月）的分离率较低（0.32%），病毒分离自赤麻鸭、绿头鸭、白额雁和一只椋鸟。在春季迁徙、筑巢和筑巢后（4月至8月），在所检测的1984个样本中未分离出APMV毒株。对4株APMV-1病毒和2株APMV-4病毒进行测序和系统发育分析表明，一株属于1类的APMV-1病毒在流行病学上与来自中国的病毒相关，3株2类APMV-1病毒在流行病学上与来自尼日利亚和卢森堡的病毒相关，一株APMV-4病毒与来自埃及的鹅病毒相关。总之，我们已经确定了最有可能感染APMV的野生鸟类物种，并且我们的数据支持APMV可能通过野生鸟类进行洲际传播。
