Huber Rafael E, Klucharev Vasily, Rieskamp Jörg
Department of Psychology, University of Basel, 4055 Basel, Switzerland, Department of Higher Nervous Activity and Psychophysiology, Saint Petersburg State University199034, Saint Petersburg, Russia, and Department of Psychology, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
Department of Psychology, University of Basel, 4055 Basel, Switzerland, Department of Higher Nervous Activity and Psychophysiology, Saint Petersburg State University199034, Saint Petersburg, Russia, and Department of Psychology, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia Department of Psychology, University of Basel, 4055 Basel, Switzerland, Department of Higher Nervous Activity and Psychophysiology, Saint Petersburg State University199034, Saint Petersburg, Russia, and Department of Psychology, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia Department of Psychology, University of Basel, 4055 Basel, Switzerland, Department of Higher Nervous Activity and Psychophysiology, Saint Petersburg State University199034, Saint Petersburg, Russia, and Department of Psychology, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia.
Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci. 2015 Apr;10(4):589-97. doi: 10.1093/scan/nsu090. Epub 2014 Jun 28.
Informational cascades can occur when rationally acting individuals decide independently of their private information and follow the decisions of preceding decision-makers. In the process of updating beliefs, differences in the weighting of private and publicly available social information may modulate the probability that a cascade starts in a decisive way. By using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we examined neural activity while participants updated their beliefs based on the decisions of two fictitious stock market traders and their own private information, which led to a final decision of buying one of two stocks. Computational modeling of the behavioral data showed that a majority of participants overweighted private information. Overweighting was negatively correlated with the probability of starting an informational cascade in trials especially prone to conformity. Belief updating by private information was related to activity in the inferior frontal gyrus/anterior insula, the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the parietal cortex; the more a participant overweighted private information, the higher the activity in the inferior frontal gyrus/anterior insula and the lower in the parietal-temporal cortex. This study explores the neural correlates of overweighting of private information, which underlies the tendency to start an informational cascade.
当理性行事的个体独立于其私人信息做出决策并遵循先前决策者的决定时，就会发生信息级联。在更新信念的过程中，私人信息和公开可得的社会信息权重的差异可能会调节级联以决定性方式开始的概率。通过使用功能磁共振成像，我们在参与者根据两名虚拟股票市场交易者的决定和他们自己的私人信息更新信念时检查了神经活动，这导致了购买两只股票之一的最终决定。行为数据的计算模型表明，大多数参与者高估了私人信息。在特别容易出现从众的试验中，高估与开始信息级联的概率呈负相关。通过私人信息进行信念更新与额下回/前脑岛、背外侧前额叶皮层和顶叶皮层的活动有关；参与者对私人信息的高估程度越高，额下回/前脑岛的活动就越高，顶颞叶皮层的活动就越低。本研究探讨了高估私人信息的神经关联，这是开始信息级联倾向的基础。
