Yan Z, Li J An, McDonald T
Nursing School of Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
Int Nurs Rev. 2014 Sep;61(3):380-8. doi: 10.1111/inr.12113. Epub 2014 Jun 26.
On 8 May 2013, the Chinese Nursing Association joined the International Council of Nurses. It is hoped that by sharing the history of nursing in China, scholars globally can incorporate into current thinking the challenges that Chinese nurses have faced in pursuing educational development and professional acknowledgement.
To review the history of nurse education in China between 1887 and 1949 and summarize events marking its development; and to provide historical references for considering contemporary nurse education and discipline development in China.
Content analysis using bibliometric and historical research methods on available documentation sources. Milestone events were listed and their historical significance analysed.
Nurse education development during this period was affected by three major influences: (1) international nursing collaboration and involvement with Chinese nursing in China and abroad, (2) the determination of leaders to develop nursing as a unique and ethical profession, and (3) the pressure of war and civilian need on the focus of nursing development in China.
The development of nurse education in China occurred within an environment of social change, war and international collaboration. Throughout the Modern China period (1887-1949), nursing leadership has guided the growth of nurse education to be responsive to individual and community needs as well as ensuring nurse accountability for conduct and nursing practice. Contemporary Chinese nursing and education owes much to those throughout the Modern China period, who laid the foundations that support the current position and status of nursing.
The study displays the benefits and challenges of participation in policy and forums that help nurse scholars and practitioners understand the development of nurse education in China.
2013年5月8日，中华护理学会加入了国际护士理事会。希望通过分享中国护理史，全球学者能够将中国护士在追求教育发展和专业认可过程中所面临的挑战纳入当前的思考。
回顾1887年至1949年间中国护理教育的历史，总结标志其发展的事件；为思考当代中国护理教育和学科发展提供历史参考。
采用文献计量和历史研究方法对现有文献资料进行内容分析。列出里程碑事件并分析其历史意义。
这一时期护理教育的发展受到三大影响：（1）国内外国际护理合作以及对中国护理事业的参与；（2）领导者将护理发展成为独特且有道德的专业的决心；（3）战争压力和民众需求对中国护理发展重点的影响。
中国护理教育的发展发生在社会变革、战争和国际合作的环境中。在整个中国近代时期（1887 - 1949年），护理领导者引导了护理教育的发展，使其能够满足个人和社区的需求，并确保护士对其行为和护理实践负责。当代中国护理与教育很大程度上归功于中国近代时期的那些人，他们奠定了支持护理当前地位和状况的基础。
该研究展示了参与政策制定和论坛的益处与挑战，有助于护理学者和从业者了解中国护理教育的发展。
