Gow Rachel V, Hibbeln Joseph R
Section of Nutritional Neurosciences, Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, 31 Center Drive, Building 31, Room 1B54, Rockville, MD 20892, USA.
Section of Nutritional Neurosciences, Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, 5625 Fishers Lane, Room 3N-01, Rockville, MD 20892, USA.
Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am. 2014 Jul;23(3):555-90. doi: 10.1016/j.chc.2014.02.002. Epub 2014 May 27.
Nutritional insufficiencies of omega-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFAs) may have adverse effects on brain development and neurodevelopmental outcomes. A recent meta-analysis reported a small to modest effect size for the efficacy of omega-3 in youth. Several controlled trials of omega-3 HUFAs combined with micronutrients show sizable reductions in aggressive, antisocial, and violent behavior in youth and young adult prisoners. Studies of HUFAs in youth, however, remain lacking. As the evidence base for omega-3 HUFAs as potential psychiatric treatment develops, dietary adjustments to increase omega-3 and reduce omega-6 HUFA consumption are sensible recommendations based on general health considerations.
ω-3高不饱和脂肪酸（HUFA）的营养不足可能会对大脑发育和神经发育结果产生不利影响。最近的一项荟萃分析报告称，ω-3对青少年的疗效有小到中等程度的效应量。几项关于ω-3 HUFA与微量营养素联合使用的对照试验表明，青少年和年轻成年囚犯的攻击、反社会和暴力行为有显著减少。然而，关于青少年HUFA的研究仍然缺乏。随着ω-3 HUFA作为潜在精神治疗方法的证据基础不断发展，基于一般健康考虑，通过饮食调整增加ω-3摄入量并减少ω-6 HUFA的摄入量是合理的建议。
