1School of Sport Science, Exercise and Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, AUSTRALIA; 2Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UNITED KINGDOM; 3Graduate School of Health Science, Kobe University, Hyogo Prefecture, JAPAN; and 4Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, NETHERLANDS.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2015 Feb;47(2):299-306. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000000422.
Regular exercise induces recurrent increases in cerebrovascular perfusion. In peripheral arteries, such episodic increases in perfusion are responsible for improvement in arterial function and health. We examined the hypothesis that exercise during immersion augments cerebral blood flow velocity compared with intensity-matched land-based exercise.
Fifteen normotensive participants were recruited (26 ± 4 yr, 24.3 ± 1.9 kg·m). We continuously assessed mean arterial blood pressure, HR, stroke volume, oxygen consumption, and blood flow velocities through the middle and posterior cerebral arteries before, during, and after 20-min bouts of water- and land-based stepping exercise of matched intensity. The order in which the exercise conditions were performed was randomized between subjects. Water-based exercise was performed in 30°C water to the level of the right atrium.
The water- and land-based exercise bouts were closely matched for oxygen consumption (13.3 mL·kg·min (95% confidence interval (CI), 12.2-14.6) vs 13.5 mL·kg·min (95% CI, 12.1-14.8), P = 0.89) and HR (95 bpm (95% CI, 90-101) vs 96 bpm (95% CI, 91-102), P = 0.65). Compared with land-based exercise, water-based exercise induced an increase in middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity (74 cm·s (95% CI, 66-81) vs 67 cm·s (95% CI, 60-74) P < 0.001), posterior cerebral artery blood flow velocity (47 cm·s (95% CI, 40-53) vs 43 cm·s (95% CI, 37-49), P < 0.001), mean arterial blood pressure (106 mm Hg (95% CI, 100-111) vs 101 mm Hg (95% CI, 95-106), P < 0.001), and partial pressure of expired CO2 (P ≤ 0.001).
Our findings suggest that water-based exercise augments cerebral blood flow, relative to land-based exercise of similar intensity, in healthy humans.
有规律的运动可反复增加脑血管灌注。在外周动脉中，这种间歇性的灌注增加有助于改善动脉功能和健康。我们假设在水中运动时，脑血流速度的增加会优于强度匹配的陆地运动。
招募了 15 名血压正常的参与者（26 ± 4 岁，24.3 ± 1.9 kg·m）。我们在 20 分钟的水中和陆地踏步运动期间和之后，连续评估了平均动脉血压、心率、每搏量、耗氧量和大脑中动脉和大脑后动脉的血流速度。在受试者之间随机改变运动条件的顺序。水基运动在 30°C 的水中进行，直到右心房水平。
水基和陆基运动在耗氧量（13.3 mL·kg·min（95%置信区间（CI），12.2-14.6）与 13.5 mL·kg·min（95% CI，12.1-14.8），P = 0.89）和心率（95 bpm（95% CI，90-101）与 96 bpm（95% CI，91-102），P = 0.65）方面非常匹配。与陆地运动相比，水基运动引起大脑中动脉血流速度增加（74 cm·s（95% CI，66-81）与 67 cm·s（95% CI，60-74），P < 0.001），大脑后动脉血流速度增加（47 cm·s（95% CI，40-53）与 43 cm·s（95% CI，37-49），P < 0.001），平均动脉血压（106 mm Hg（95% CI，100-111）与 101 mm Hg（95% CI，95-106），P < 0.001）和呼气 CO2 分压（P ≤ 0.001）。
我们的研究结果表明，在健康人群中，与强度相似的陆地运动相比，水基运动可增加脑血流。
