Honardoost Maryam, Sarookhani Mohammad Reza, Arefian Ehsan, Soleimani Masoud
Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran,
Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 2014 Sep;174(1):63-80. doi: 10.1007/s12010-014-1014-z. Epub 2014 Jul 2.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is the result of resistance to insulin function along with inadequate insulin secretion, leading to a number of dysfunctions characterized by hyperglycemia, and it is associated with microvascular, macrovascular, and neuropathic complications. There is compelling evidence that the decline in both insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion has a genetic component. In addition, increasing evidence suggests that microRNAs (miRNAs) as key regulators of gene expression play significant roles in insulin production, secretion, and function that regulate the function of insulin-target tissues. The current review demonstrates the candidate genes and the related miRNAs involved in molecular pathogenesis of insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus. In doing so, it provides an opportunity for more focused investigations that may identify the genes and miRNAs with a role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its treatment.
2型糖尿病是胰岛素功能抵抗以及胰岛素分泌不足的结果，导致以高血糖为特征的多种功能障碍，并与微血管、大血管和神经病变并发症相关。有令人信服的证据表明，胰岛素敏感性和胰岛素分泌的下降都有遗传因素。此外，越来越多的证据表明，作为基因表达关键调节因子的微小RNA（miRNA）在胰岛素产生、分泌和功能中发挥重要作用，而这些功能调节胰岛素靶组织的功能。本综述展示了参与2型糖尿病胰岛素抵抗分子发病机制的候选基因和相关miRNA。这样做，为更有针对性的研究提供了机会，这些研究可能会识别出在2型糖尿病发病机制及其治疗中起作用的基因和miRNA。
