Mair Alastair, Kloeppel Heide, Ticehurst Kim
Faculty of Veterinary Science, University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Vet Anaesth Analg. 2014 Nov;41(6):630-5. doi: 10.1111/vaa.12161. Epub 2014 Jul 2.
To compare the level of sedation, cardiorespiratory changes, and quality of recovery in cats receiving methadone plus either low dose tiletamine-zolazepam or acepromazine for premedication prior to general anaesthesia for neutering.
Prospective, randomized, blinded clinical study.
Twenty cats 0.54 ± 0.12 years-old (mean ± SD), weighing 3.17 ± 0.65 kg (10 male and 10 female).
Cats were allocated randomly to receive intramuscularly either 0.03 mg kg(-1) acepromazine (ACE) or 3 mg kg(-1) tiletamine-zolazepam (TZ), both regimens combined with 0.2 mg kg(-1) methadone for premedication. Sedation was assessed 25 minutes after premedication using a visual analogue scale (VAS) and a simple descriptive scale (SDS). Anaesthesia was induced with alfaxalone and maintained with isoflurane. Physiological parameters were recorded at 1, 3 and 5 minutes post-endotracheal intubation. Recovery from cessation of isoflurane was timed and quality assessed using a SDS and a VAS. Data was analysed with Mann-Whitney U-test, students t-test, anova or ordinal logistic regression as relevant. Significance was taken as p < 0.05.
Sedation was more pronounced in TZ than ACE as indicated by higher VAS (67 ± 21 versus 13 ± 5) and SDS scores [4 (1-4) versus 1 (0-1)]. Following sedation, Heart (HR) and respiratory (fR ) rates did not differ between groups. After anaesthetic induction, at times 1, 3 and 5 HR, systolic arterial pressure and end tidal carbon dioxide were significantly higher and fR was significantly lower in TZ than ACE. Recovery quality was similar between groups. In both groups, times to extubation, head lift and sternal recumbency were similar, but time (minutes) until standing was significantly longer in TZ (31 ± 16) than ACE (18 ± 11).
Low dose tiletamine-zolazepam combined with methadone provided superior sedation to ACE. Recovery quality was similar, although time to standing was longer.
比较在绝育手术全身麻醉前接受美沙酮联合低剂量替来他明 - 唑拉西泮或乙酰丙嗪进行术前用药的猫的镇静水平、心肺变化及恢复质量。
前瞻性、随机、盲法临床研究。
20只猫，年龄0.54±0.12岁（均值±标准差），体重3.17±0.65千克（10只雄性和10只雌性）。
猫被随机分配接受肌肉注射0.03毫克/千克的乙酰丙嗪（ACE）或3毫克/千克的替来他明 - 唑拉西泮（TZ），两种方案均联合0.2毫克/千克的美沙酮进行术前用药。术前用药25分钟后使用视觉模拟量表（VAS）和简单描述性量表（SDS）评估镇静情况。用阿法沙龙诱导麻醉并用异氟烷维持。在气管插管后1、3和5分钟记录生理参数。记录停止使用异氟烷后的恢复时间，并使用SDS和VAS评估恢复质量。根据相关情况用曼 - 惠特尼U检验、学生t检验、方差分析或有序逻辑回归分析数据。显著性水平设定为p < 0.05。
如较高的VAS（67±21对13±5）和SDS评分[4（1 - 4）对1（0 - 1）]所示，TZ组的镇静比ACE组更明显。镇静后，两组间心率（HR）和呼吸频率（fR）无差异。麻醉诱导后，在1、3和5分钟时，TZ组的HR、收缩压和呼气末二氧化碳显著高于ACE组，而fR显著低于ACE组。两组间恢复质量相似。在两组中，拔管、抬头和侧卧的时间相似，但TZ组（31±16）站立前的时间（分钟）显著长于ACE组（18±11）。
低剂量替来他明 - 唑拉西泮联合美沙酮提供了比ACE更好的镇静效果。恢复质量相似，尽管站立时间更长。
