Wolfenden L, Carruthers J, Wyse R, Yoong S
School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
Health Promot J Austr. 2014 Aug;25(2):136-8. doi: 10.1071/HE13089.
School-based programs targeting the prevention of tobacco use are a key strategy for reducing the overall tobacco-related mortality and morbidity in the community. While substantial research investment has resulted in the identification of various effective tobacco prevention interventions in schools, this research investment will not result in public health benefits, unless effectively disseminated and implemented. This rapid review aimed to identify effective implementation or dissemination interventions, targeting the adoption of school-based tobacco prevention programs.
A systematic search was conducted to identify published systematic reviews that examined the effectiveness of implementation and dissemination strategies for facilitating the adoption of tobacco policies or programs in schools from 1992 to 2012.
The search yielded 1028 results, with one relevant systematic review being identified. The review included two controlled studies examining the implementation and dissemination of tobacco prevention programs and guidelines. The two randomised trials examined the delivery of active face-to-face training to implement a school-based curriculum compared with video-delivered or mail-based training. Improvements in the implementation of the programs were reported for the face-to-face training arm in both trials.
Little rigorous evidence exists to guide the implementation and dissemination of tobacco prevention programs in schools. SO WHAT? Few systematic reviews exist to inform the implementation of evidence-based tobacco prevention programs in schools. In the absence of a strong evidence base, health care policymakers and practitioners may need to draw on setting-based frameworks or parallel evidence from other settings to design strategies to facilitate the adoption of tobacco prevention initiatives.
以预防吸烟为目标的校内项目是降低社区中与烟草相关的总体死亡率和发病率的关键策略。虽然大量的研究投入已促成在学校中识别出各种有效的烟草预防干预措施，但除非这些措施得到有效传播和实施，否则这项研究投入不会带来公共卫生效益。本快速综述旨在识别针对采用校内烟草预防项目的有效实施或传播干预措施。
进行了系统检索，以识别已发表的系统综述，这些综述考察了1992年至2012年期间促进学校采用烟草政策或项目的实施和传播策略的有效性。
检索产生了1028条结果，识别出一篇相关系统综述。该综述纳入了两项对照研究，考察了烟草预防项目和指南的实施与传播情况。两项随机试验比较了实施校本课程时进行面对面主动培训与通过视频或邮件培训两种方式。两项试验中均报告了面对面培训组在项目实施方面有所改善。
几乎没有严格的证据可指导学校中烟草预防项目的实施和传播。那又如何？几乎没有系统综述为学校实施循证烟草预防项目提供信息。在缺乏有力证据基础的情况下，医疗保健政策制定者和从业者可能需要借鉴基于环境的框架或其他环境的类似证据，来设计促进采用烟草预防举措的策略。
