Institute of Psychological Research, Universidad Veracruzana, Veracruz, Mexico.
Int J Psychol. 2014 Aug;49(4):280-7. doi: 10.1002/ijop.12028. Epub 2013 Nov 20.
The objective of the present study was to investigate the relationship between ambivalent sexism and beliefs and attitudes towards menstruation, and, in turn, to study the influence of these variables on menstrual cycle-related symptoms. One hundred and six Mexican women completed the Ambivalent Sexism Inventory, the Beliefs about and Attitudes toward Menstruation Questionnaire and the Menstrual Distress Questionnaire. The higher scores on benevolent sexism were associated with the most positive attitudes towards menstruation and also with the belief that a menstruating woman should or should not do some activities and that menstruation keeps women from their daily activities. The higher scores on hostile sexism were associated with rejection of menstruation as well as with feelings of embarrassment about it. Beliefs about and attitudes towards menstruation predicted menstrual cycle-related symptoms related to negative affect, impaired concentration and behavioural changes, but did not predict somatic symptoms. These results will be useful to health professionals and advocates who want to change the negative expectations and stereotypes of premenstrual and menstrual women and reduce the sexism and negative attitudes towards women that are evident in Mexican culture.
本研究的目的是探讨矛盾性别观与对月经的信念和态度之间的关系，并进一步研究这些变量对月经周期相关症状的影响。106 名墨西哥女性完成了矛盾性别观量表、对月经的信念和态度问卷以及月经困扰问卷。亲女性性别偏见得分越高，对月经的态度越积极，也越相信女性在经期应该或不应该做某些活动，以及月经会影响女性的日常活动。敌女性性别偏见得分越高，对月经的排斥感越强，也越感到尴尬。对月经的信念和态度预测了与负面情绪、注意力不集中和行为改变相关的月经周期相关症状，但并未预测躯体症状。这些结果将对希望改变对经前和经期女性的负面期望和刻板印象并减少墨西哥文化中明显存在的对女性的性别歧视和负面态度的健康专业人员和倡导者有用。
