Allen Heather K
Food Safety and Enteric Pathogens Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA 50010, USA.
Curr Opin Microbiol. 2014 Jun;19:25-29. doi: 10.1016/j.mib.2014.06.001. Epub 2014 Jul 1.
Numerous environmental reservoirs contribute to the widespread antibiotic resistance problem in human pathogens. One environmental reservoir of particular importance is the intestinal bacteria of food-producing animals. In this review I examine recent discoveries of antibiotic resistance genes in agricultural animals. Two types of antibiotic resistance gene discoveries will be discussed: the use of classic microbiological and molecular techniques, such as culturing and PCR, to identify known genes not previously reported in animals; and the application of high-throughput technologies, such as metagenomics, to identify novel genes and gene transfer mechanisms. These discoveries confirm that antibiotics should be limited to prudent uses.
众多环境储存库导致了人类病原体中广泛存在的抗生素耐药性问题。一个特别重要的环境储存库是食用动物的肠道细菌。在这篇综述中，我研究了近期在农业动物中发现的抗生素耐药基因。将讨论两类抗生素耐药基因的发现：使用经典微生物学和分子技术，如培养和聚合酶链反应（PCR），来鉴定动物中以前未报告的已知基因；以及应用高通量技术，如宏基因组学，来鉴定新基因和基因转移机制。这些发现证实抗生素应仅限于谨慎使用。
