Basnaker Maharudrappa, Sp Srikala, Bnvs Satish
Professor and Head of Department, Department of Oral Pathology & Microbiology, H.K.E.'s S. Nijalingappa Institute of Dental sciences & Research Center , Gulbarga .
Post Graduate Student, Department of Oral Pathology & Microbiology, H.K.E.'s S. Nijalingappa Institute of Dental sciences & Research Center , Gulbarga .
J Clin Diagn Res. 2014 May;8(5):ZC70-5. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2014/9456.4406. Epub 2014 May 15.
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the expression of cyclin D1 in normal oral mucosa of both non tobacco habituated and tobacco habituated individuals histologically and also compare and correlate cyclin D1 expression with histopathologically confirmed cases of oral squamous cell carcinomas.
The present study involved 20 cases of tobacco habituated individuals with normal oral mucosal tissue and 20 histopathologically confirmed cases of squamous cells carcinomas. Twelve cases of non tobacco habituated individuals served as control group. Chi-square analysis was used to determine statistical significance.
Fifty percent of control cases, 70% of squamous cell carcinoma cases and 80% of tobacco habituated individuals of clinically normal mucosa showed cyclin D1 positivity. Thirteen cases with tobacco chewing habit, with clinically normal mucosa, showed dysplasia, out of which seven were mildly dysplastic and six were moderately dysplastic. A larger percentage of cyclin D1 expression was observed in lower grade dysplasias (53.8%) than higher grade dysplasias (46.1%). However statistical analysis showed no significant association between groups. Chi-square value was < 7.82 for p=0.05.
The finding of cyclin D1 expression in 80% of tobacco users with clinically normal mucosa indicates that the mutation of cyclin D1 occurs early, even before clinical changes are apparent. This finding appears to be previously unreported. The presence of dysplasia in the same group and cyclin D1 expression in 84.6% of dysplastic cases show that the patients are susceptible for further changes, including progression to higher grades of dysplasia and development of carcinoma. Relatively lower expression of cyclin D1 positivity (70%), in oral cancer patients, when compared with tobacco users with clinically normal mucosa (80%) is indicative of increased traverse of the cell through the cell cycle, which may occur early in tumor progression. Cyclin D1 immunoreactivity was detected in all the three study groups.
本研究的目的是从组织学角度评估细胞周期蛋白D1在非吸烟习惯者和吸烟习惯者正常口腔黏膜中的表达情况，并将细胞周期蛋白D1的表达与经组织病理学确诊的口腔鳞状细胞癌病例进行比较和关联分析。
本研究纳入了20例有吸烟习惯且口腔黏膜组织正常的个体以及20例经组织病理学确诊的鳞状细胞癌病例。12例无吸烟习惯的个体作为对照组。采用卡方分析来确定统计学意义。
对照组中有50%的病例、鳞状细胞癌病例中有70%以及临床上正常黏膜的吸烟习惯者中有80%显示细胞周期蛋白D1呈阳性。13例有咀嚼烟草习惯且临床上黏膜正常的病例显示发育异常，其中7例为轻度发育异常，6例为中度发育异常。在低级别发育异常中观察到细胞周期蛋白D1表达的比例（53.8%）高于高级别发育异常（46.1%）。然而，统计学分析显示各组之间无显著关联。对于p = 0.05，卡方值< 7.82。
在临床上黏膜正常的80%吸烟使用者中发现细胞周期蛋白D1表达，这表明细胞周期蛋白D1的突变在早期就已发生，甚至在临床变化明显之前。这一发现似乎此前未见报道。同一组中存在发育异常以及84.6%发育异常病例中存在细胞周期蛋白D1表达表明这些患者易发生进一步变化，包括进展为更高级别的发育异常和发展为癌症。与临床上黏膜正常的吸烟使用者（80%）相比，口腔癌患者中细胞周期蛋白D1阳性表达相对较低（70%），这表明细胞在细胞周期中的穿越增加，这可能在肿瘤进展早期就会发生。在所有三个研究组中均检测到细胞周期蛋白D1免疫反应性。
