崇高的小胶质细胞：中枢神经系统守护者的扩展作用。

Sublime microglia: expanding roles for the guardians of the CNS.

机构信息

Neurosciences & Mental Health Program, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto Centre for the Study of Pain, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto Centre for the Study of Pain, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto Centre for the Study of Pain, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada.

出版信息

Cell. 2014 Jul 3;158(1):15-24. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2014.06.008.

DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2014.06.008

PMID:24995975

Abstract

Recent findings challenge the concept that microglia solely function in disease states in the central nervous system (CNS). Rather than simply reacting to CNS injury, infection, or pathology, emerging lines of evidence indicate that microglia sculpt the structure of the CNS, refine neuronal circuitry and network connectivity, and contribute to plasticity. These physiological functions of microglia in the normal CNS begin during development and persist into maturity. Here, we develop a conceptual framework for functions of microglia beyond neuroinflammation and discuss the rich repertoire of signaling and communication motifs in microglia that are critical both in pathology and for the normal physiology of the CNS.

摘要

最近的研究结果挑战了这样一种观念，即小胶质细胞仅在中枢神经系统 (CNS) 的疾病状态下发挥作用。越来越多的证据表明，小胶质细胞不仅对 CNS 损伤、感染或病变做出反应，而是在塑造 CNS 的结构、完善神经元回路和网络连接以及促进可塑性方面发挥作用。小胶质细胞在正常 CNS 中的这些生理功能始于发育阶段，并持续到成熟阶段。在这里，我们为小胶质细胞在神经炎症之外的功能建立了一个概念框架，并讨论了小胶质细胞中丰富的信号转导和通讯基序，这些基序在病理和 CNS 的正常生理中都至关重要。