Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea; International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia.
Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea.
Sci Total Environ. 2014 Sep 15;493:773-80. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.06.073. Epub 2014 Jul 3.
In an effort to understand the fundamental aspects of air quality in traffic tunnel environments, field campaigns were conducted to measure polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and other important pollutants within two traffic tunnels in Nam San (NS) and Hong Ji (HJ) in Korea in 2009 and 2010. The mean concentrations of ∑PCDD/Fs (in fg/m(3)) at the two tunnel sites were 1270 (± 880) and 1200 (± 810), respectively. These values were moderately lower than those measured at a non-tunnel urban background site (1350 (± 780) fg/m(3))--selected as a reference in this study. In addition, seasonal patterns of dioxin concentrations were clearly evident at the traffic tunnels like the urban reference site, showing higher levels during the winter (and spring) than the summer (and fall). The observed seasonal variations were driven by changes in the concentrations of ∑PCDF congeners, while ∑PCDD concentrations showed little seasonality. The results of our study suggest that there is no significant difference in source characteristics between the two investigated tunnel sites and urban location, although the role of gasoline and diesel fueled vehicles are considered as the major source in determining the PCDDs and PCDF levels in a tunnel environment. However, given the relative increase in other important ambient pollutant (e.g. PM10) concentrations over ∑PCDD/Fs in tunnel air (compared to urban background air), the balance of sources in tunnels is clearly different from those in urban air overall.
为了了解交通隧道环境空气质量的基本方面，2009 年和 2010 年在韩国南山（NS）和弘济（HJ）的两条交通隧道内进行了实地测量，以测量多氯二苯并对二恶英（PCDDs）、多氯二苯并呋喃（PCDFs）和其他重要污染物。在两个隧道地点测量的∑PCDD/Fs（以 fg/m3 计）的平均值分别为 1270（±880）和 1200（±810）。这些值略低于在非隧道城市背景地点（1350（±780）fg/m3）测量的值，该地点在本研究中被选为参考。此外，像城市参考地点一样，在交通隧道中可以明显看出二恶英浓度的季节性模式，冬季（和春季）的浓度高于夏季（和秋季）。观察到的季节性变化是由于∑PCDF 同系物浓度的变化引起的，而∑PCDD 浓度的季节性变化很小。我们的研究结果表明，尽管汽油和柴油燃料车辆被认为是确定隧道环境中 PCDD 和 PCDF 水平的主要来源，但两个隧道地点与城市地点之间的源特征没有显著差异。然而，考虑到隧道空气中其他重要环境污染物（例如 PM10）浓度相对于∑PCDD/Fs 的相对增加（与城市背景空气相比），隧道空气中的源平衡明显不同于城市空气中的源平衡。
